Table 1.

Critical processes during neurodevelopment affected by specific nutrients.

Cell type	Function	Nutrient example
Anatomy
Neuron	Division (Neurogenesis) Migration Differentiation (Neurite outgrowth; synaptogenesis)	Protein, Carbohydrates, Iron, Copper, Zinc, LC-PUFA, Iodine, Vitamin A, Vitamin B6, Vitamin D, Vitamin C
Oligodendrocyte	Myelination	Protein, Carbohydrates, Iron, Iodine, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12
Chemistry
Neuron Astrocyte	Neurotransmitter concentration, receptor, reuptake	Protein, Iron, Iodine, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Choline, Vitamin B6, Vitamin D
Physiology and metabolism
Neuron Oligodendrocyte	Electrical efficiency	Glucose, protein, Iron, Iodine, Zinc, Choline, Copper