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. 2023 Apr 3;13(4):e068359. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068359

Table 2.

Baseline clinical and risk behavioural characteristics of the study participants (N=255)

Patient characteristics Frequency (N) and
percentage (%)/median (IQR) (%)
Median duration of ear infection (days) 210 (21–1095)
Nasal discharge/blockage
 Yes 85 (33.3)
 No 170 (66.7)
Recurrent URTI
 Yes 72 (28.2)
 No 183 (71.8)
Use of hearing aid
 Yes 2 (0.8)
 No 253 (99.2)
Earphone use
 Yes 41 (16.1)
 No 214 (83.9)
Swimming
 Yes 8 (3.1)
 No 247 (96.9)
Cotton bud use
 Yes 112 (43.9)
 No 143 (56.1)
Sharp object use
 Yes 60 (23.5)
 No 195 (76.5)
Ear cleaning habit
 Yes 119 (46.7)
 No 136 (53.3)
Cerumen impaction
 Yes 45 (17.6)
 No 210 (82.4)

URTI, upper respiratory tract infection.