TABLE 1.
Weighted means (SE) for anthropometry and age and percentage distributions (SE) for demographic and clinical characteristics by sex (NHANES 2011 through 2016)
| Overall (n = 12,297) | Male (n = 5,923) | Female (n = 6,374) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometry | ||||
| SAD, cm | 22.6 (0.10) | 23.3 (0.11) | 22.0 (0.10) | <0.001 |
| WC, cm | 99.2 (0.33) | 101.7 (0.39) | 97.0 (0.37) | <0.001 |
| Height, cm | 168.4 (0.17) | 175.7 (0.18) | 161.8 (0.22) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 82.3 (0.38) | 88.8 (0.47) | 76.2 (0.42) | <0.001 |
| SADHtR | 0.1346 (0.0006) | 0.1330 (0.0006) | 0.1361 (0.0007) | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.5903 (0.0021) | 0.5794 (0.0022) | 0.6004 (0.0025) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.9 (0.14) | 28.7 (0.14) | 29.1 (0.16) | 0.023 |
| Age, y | 47.8 (0.40) | 46.9 (0.43) | 48.6 (0.40) | <0.001 |
| Race-Hispanic origin, % | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 66.2 (2.04) | 66.5 (2.07) | 66.0 (2.11) | 0.605 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10.6 (1.08) | 10.0 (1.00) | 11.2 (1.19) | 0.013 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 5.7 (0.62) | 5.6 (0.64) | 5.8 (0.63) | 0.592 |
| Hispanic | 14.5 (1.40) | 14.8 (1.42) | 14.3 (1.45) | 0.391 |
| Other | 3.0 (0.29) | 3.1 (0.38) | 2.8 (0.35) | 0.521 |
| Education, % | ||||
| Below high school completion | 14.0 (0.98) | 14.7 (1.11) | 13.4 (0.98) | 0.062 |
| High school graduate | 20.3 (0.75) | 21.4 (0.96) | 19.3 (0.88) | 0.059 |
| College or above | 65.7 (1.44) | 63.9 (1.65) | 67.3 (1.49) | 0.009 |
| Smoking status, % | ||||
| Current | 18.7 (0.68) | 20.5 (0.83) | 17.0 (0.90) | 0.002 |
| Former | 2.1 (0.23) | 2.9 (0.33) | 1.4 (0.23) | <0.001 |
| Never | 79.2 (0.70) | 76.6 (0.84) | 81.6 (0.92) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity, % | ||||
| Poor | 43.3 (1.13) | 41.4 (1.35) | 45.0 (1.30) | 0.015 |
| Intermediate | 16.3 (0.50) | 14.8 (0.67) | 17.6 (0.68) | 0.004 |
| Ideal | 40.5 (1.00) | 43.7 (1.07) | 37.4 (1.33) | <0.001 |
| Awareness of diagnosed diabetes, % | ||||
| Yes | 10.0 (0.40) | 10.9 (0.49) | 9.2 (0.48) | 0.019 |
| No | 90.0 (0.40) | 90.1 (0.49) | 90.8 (0.48) |
Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SAD, supine sagittal abdominal diameter; SADHtR, supine sagittal abdominal diameter to height ratio; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, WC to height ratio.