TABLE 10.

Meta‐analysis for the (modified) Gingival index using a random model

(Modified) Gingival index	Number of comparisons	Comparison	Effect size			Heterogeneity		Online Appendix number
			DiffM	95% CI	p‐Value	I 2	p‐Value	Forrest plot	Funnel plot	TSA
										Number	TSA does research the RIS or not (yes/no)
Grossman et al. (1995) 47 Yankell & Emling (1997) 50 Putt et al. (2001) 53 Goyal et al. (2009) 59 Williams et al. (2009) 60 Ayad et al. (2012) 61 2x Klukowska et al. (2012) 62 Klukowska et al. (2013) 63 Klukowska et al. (2014‐12w) 66 Klukowska et al. (2014‐6wCOL) 67 Klukowska et al. (2014‐6wPH) 68 Ccahuana‐Vasquez et al. (2015) 69 Schmickler et al. (2016‐non‐rep) 70 2x Starke et al. (2017) 72 Schmalz et al. (2018‐COI instr) 73 2x Ccahuana‐Vasquez et al. (2018) 74 Mirza et al. (2019) 76 Adam et al. (2020) 77 Goyal et al. (2021) 78	22	Baseline	0.00	(−0.00; 0.01)	0.27	0%	0.71	S16A	S16B	NA	NA
		End	0.02	(−0.01; 0.05)	0.24	94%	<0.00001	S16C	S16D	S16E	Yes
Goyal et al. (2009) 59 Williams et al. (2009) 60 Ayad et al. (2012) 61 2x Klukowska et al. (2012) 62 Klukowska et al. (2013) 63 Klukowska et al. (2014‐12w) 66 Klukowska et al. (2014‐6wCOL) 67 Klukowska et al. (2014‐6wPH) 68 Ccahuana‐Vasquez et al. (2015) 69 Starke et al. (2017) 72 Ccahuana‐Vasquez et al. (2018) 74 Lv et al. (2018) 75 2x Mirza et al. (2019) 76 Adam et al. (2020) 77 Goyal et al. (2021) 78	17	Difference	0.00	(−0.04; 0.04)	0.89	97%	<0.00001	S16F	S16G	NA	NA

Note: p‐Values are presented in bold if p ≤ 0.05. Interpretation of the heterogeneity: Potentially not important: 0%–40%; Moderate heterogeneity: 40%–60%; Substantial heterogeneity: 60%–80%; Considerable heterogeneity: 80%–100%. According to Sälzer et al. 2015³¹.

Abbreviations: ?, Unclear; NA, Not applicable; RIS, Required Information Size; TSA, Trial sequential analysis.