TABLE 3.
Study characteristics
| Authors (year) | Country | Type | Sample size | Range of ages of participants (mean) | Gender of participants |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vannini and McCright (2004) | USA/Canada | Interviews | 40 | 18–52 years | Male (42%) and female (58%), tanners |
| Murray and Turner (2004) | UK | Interviews | 18 | 18–32 years | Male (50%) and female (50%), tanners |
| Boynton and Oxlad (2011) | Australia | Focus groups | 27 | 18–26 years (19.50) | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Lazovich et al. (2013) | USA | Focus groups | 215 | NA | Male (33%) and female (67%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Banerjee et al. (2014) | USA | Interviews | 14 | (25.65) | Female (100%), tanners |
| Lake et al. (2014) | UK | Focus groups | 69 | 15–18 years | Female (100%), tanners |
| Hay et al. (2016) | USA | Interviews | 44 | NA | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Gordon et al. (2016) | USA | Interviews | 44 | NA | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Rodgers et al. (2016) | USA | Focus groups | 18 | NA | Female (100%), tanners |
| Taylor et al. (2017) | UK | Interviews | 25 | NA | Male (36%) and Female (64%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Kirk and Greenfield (2017) | UK | Interviews | 15 | NA | Male (27%) and Female (73%), tanners |
| Stapleton and Crabtree (2017) | USA | Key informant study | 1 | 22 years | Female (100%), tanners |
| Buchanan Lunsford et al. (2018) | USA | Focus groups | 159 | NA | Male (54%) and female (46%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Glanz et al. (2018) | USA | Interviews | 40 | 18–25 years old | Female (100%), tanners |
| Taylor et al. (2018) | UK (online) | Discourse analysis | NA | NA | NA |
| Bowers and Moyer (2019) | USA | Open‐ended online survey items | 312 | 18–47 years (20.72) | Female (100%), tanners |
| Lyons et al. (2021) | UK | Focus group and interviews | 21 | 19–58 years | Male (14%) and Female (86%), tanners |
| Vannini and McCright (2004) | USA/ Canada | Interviews | 40 | 18–52 years | Male (42%) and female (58%), tanners |
| Murray and Turner (2004) | UK | Interviews | 18 | 18–32 years | Male (50%) and female (50%), tanners |
| Boynton and Oxlad (2011) | Australia | Focus groups | 27 | 18–26 years (19.50) | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Lazovich et al. (2013) | USA | Focus groups | 215 | NA | Male (33%) and female (67%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Banerjee et al. (2014) | USA | Interviews | 14 | (25.65) | Female (100%), tanners |
| Lake et al. (2014) | UK | Focus groups | 69 | 15–18 years | Female (100%), tanners |
| Hay et al. (2016) | USA | Interviews | 44 | NA | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Gordon et al. (2016) | USA | Interviews | 44 | NA | Female (100%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Rodgers et al. (2016) | USA | Focus groups | 18 | NA | Female (100%), tanners |
| Taylor et al. (2017) | UK | Interviews | 25 | NA | Male (36%) and Female (64%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Kirk and Greenfield (2017) | UK | Interviews | 15 | NA | Male (27%) and Female (73%), tanners |
| Stapleton and Crabtree (2017) | USA | Key informant study | 1 | 22 years | Female (100%), tanners |
| Buchanan Lunsford et al. (2018) | USA | Focus groups | 159 | NA | Male (54%) and female (46%), tanners and non‐tanners |
| Glanz et al. (2018) | USA | Interviews | 40 | 18–25 years old | Female (100%), tanners |
| Taylor et al. (2018) | UK (online) | Discourse analysis | NA | NA | NA |
| Bowers and Moyer (2019) | USA | Open‐ended online survey items | 312 | 18–47 years (20.72) | Female (100%), tanners |
| Lyons et al. (2021) | UK | Focus group and interviews | 21 | 19–58 years | Male (14%) and Female (86%), tanners |