Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for the Total Population 137 Participants and in the Two Etiology Groups: ALD and NAFLD
| Total Population | ALD | NAFLD | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 137 | n = 77 | n = 60 | ||
| Age | 60 (53–65) | 61 (55–54) | 58 (53–65) | .538 |
| Gender, male (%) | 98 (72) | 66 (86) | 32 (53) | .000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32 (28–38) | 30 (27–35) | 35 (31–41) | .000 |
| Waistline (cm) | 110 (103–123) | 109 (102–120) | 114 (106–126) | .045 |
| Skin to capsule distance (cm) | 2.2 (1.9–2.7) | 2.2 (1.8–2.5) | 2.4 (2.1–2.9) | .005 |
| Diabetes, yes | 42 (31) | 17 (22) | 25 (42) | .016 |
| Transient elastography | 9.7 (7.5–15.8) | 9.2 (7.8–14.4) | 10.2 (7.7–16.1) | .646 |
| Steatosis markers | ||||
| B‐mode ratio a | 1.37 (1.15–1.60) | 1.41 (1.15–1.65) | 1.29 (1.17–1.56) | .165 |
| Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) (dB/m) a | 337 (298–365) | 334 (281–368) | 346 (314–365) | .194 |
| Ultrasonic steatosis score | 18/28/39/51 | 13/20/20/24 | 5/8/19/27 | .089 |
| S0/1/2/3 (%) a | (13/20/28/37) | (17/26/26/31) | (8/13/32/45) | |
| Fatty liver index | 92 (92–93) | 92 (91–93) | 93 (92–93) | .034 |
| Histology | ||||
| Histological steatosis grade | 28/50/33/26 | 19/25/18/15 | 9/25/15/11 | .507 |
| S0/1/2/3 (%) | (20/37/24/19) | (25/32/23/19) | (15/42/25/18) | |
| Kleiner fibrosis score | 6/47/43/25/16 | 4/21/26/15/11 | 2/26/17/10/5 | .383 |
| F0/1/2/3/4 (%) | (4/34/31/18/12) | (5/27/34/19/14) | (3/43/28/17/8) | |
| Presence of steatohepatitis (%) | 51 (37) | 28 (36) | 23 (38) | .860 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| ALT (U/L) | 41 (29–59) | 39 (25–58) | 41 (32–60) | .203 |
| AST (U/L) | 39 (27–57) | 42 (26–58) | 36 (27–49) | .458 |
| Bilirubin (μmol/L) | 9 (6–12) | 9 (6–11) | 9 (6–12) | .516 |
| GGT (U/L) | 85 (42–196) | 102 (52–302) | 58 (36–139) | .003 |
| MELD (points) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–8) | .852 |
Continuous variables are reported as median (IQR) and categorical data as frequencies (%). The P‐value describes the difference between the two etiology groups (ALD versus NAFLD). The between‐group differences were calculated using Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma‐glutamyl transferase.
a
It was not possible to evaluate B‐mode ratio in 16 (12%), ultrasonic steatosis score in 1 (1%), and CAP in 3 (2%).