Table 4.

Characteristics of randomized clinical trials

Reference	Design	Country	Population	Outcomes	Intervention	Control	Sample size	Duration	RoB
Williams 1999	Cross-over study	USA	Healthy children, 2–5 years	Stool frequency per week Stool weight on specified days Weight and height	Kellog raisin bran: 2 weeks providing 5 g/day dietary fiber 2 weeks providing 10 g/day dietary fiber	Plant-Stenol ester containing spread	N = 19 (analyzed)	Each period 4 weeks, 2 weeks wash out	Moderate
Moore 2003	RCT	USA	Healthy infants 4–11 months, mean age 31.8 ± 9.0 weeks (control), 34.7 ± 8.9 weeks (intervention)	Stool frequency, color and consistency Flatus, vomiting, colic, Weight, length	At least one meal/day with Cereal porridge (25 g/day) with fructo-oligosaccharides (0.75 g/25 g)	At least one meal cereal porridge (25 g) without FOS, but added maltodextrin	N = 56 (27 + 29)	28 days	Moderate

ROB, risk of bias; FOS, fructo-oligosaccharides.