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. 2023 Apr 10;18(4):e0284259. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284259

Table 2. Estimated variance1 in sports-related concussion, CARE CSC, 2014/15 to 2018/19 academic years.

School-Level Risk Factors Included in Model (% Change from Null Model)
 Univariate Models Multivariate Model
No School-Level Factors in model Sport Risk Index in Model Division in Model School Type in Model All 3 Factors (Risk Index, Division, Type)
All Sports-Related Concussions (Competition and Practice Combined)
Within-School 2.14 (ref.) 2.17 (+1%) 2.14 (0%) 2.14 (0%) 2.17 (+1%)
Between-School 0.28 (ref.) 0.24 (-14%) 0.24 (-14%) 0.27 (-4%) 0.18 (-36%)
Competition Concussions Only
Within-School 1.47 (ref.) 1.45 (-1%) 1.47 (0%) 1.47 (0%) 1.44 (-2%)
Between-School 0.27 (ref.) 0.21 (-22%) 0.27 (0%) 0.25 (-7%) 0.18 (-33%)
Practice Concussions Only
Within-School 1.87 (ref.) 2.13 (+14%) 1.87 (0%) 1.87 (0%) 2.14 (+14%)
Between-School 0.33 (ref.) 0.30 (-9%) 0.24 (-27%) 0.31 (-6%) 0.19 (-42%)

1Variance estimates from log-binomial regression model, includes random intercepts for school