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. 2023 Apr 10;18(4):e0284259. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284259

Table 3. School-level risk factors for sports-related concussion, CARE CSC, 2014/15 to 2018/19 academic years.

Univariate Multivariate
Risk Ratio (95% CI) P-value relative to ref. Overall P-value Risk Ratio (95% CI) P-value relative to ref. Overall P-value
All Sports-Related Concussions (Competition and Practice Combined)
Sport Risk Index
 Low 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Medium 4.17 (3.35, 5.20) < .0001 < .0001 4.18 (3.33, 5.25) < .0001 < .0001
 High 5.66 (4.25, 7.53) < .0001 5.66 (4.23, 7.59) < .0001
Division
 D1 1.52 (0.90,2.59) 0.1139 0.1734 1.63 (0.90, 2.94) 0.1040 0.1497
 D2 0.99 (0.39, 2.47) 0.9771 1.05 (0.42, 2.61) 0.9097
 D3 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
School Type
 Civilian 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Military 1.47 (0.58, 3.72) 0.4047 0.3975 1.41 (0.73, 2.73) 0.2983 0.2886
Competition Concussions Only
Sport Risk Index
 Low 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Medium 5.60 (4.03, 7.78) < .0001 < .0001 5.60 (3.94, 7.96) < .0001 < .0001
 High 10.61 (8.07, 13.96) < .0001 10.63 (7.91, 14.28) < .0001
Division
 D1 1.15 (0.51, 2.61) 0.7205 0.8312 1.24 (0.57, 2.73) 0.5706 0.7099
 D2 0.96 (0.35, 2.67) 0.9428 1.03 (0.40, 2.67) 0.9433
 D3 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
School Type
 Civilian 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Military 1.61 (0.81, 3.20) 0.1637 0.1526 1.53 (0.88, 2.66) 0.1225 0.1104
Practice Concussions Only
Sport Risk Index
 Low 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Medium 3.83 (3.05, 4.82) < .0001 < .0001 3.83 (3.01, 4.88) < .0001 < .0001
 High 4.41 (3.17, 6.13) < .0001 4.42 (3.16, 6.18) < .0001
Division
 D1 1.99 (1.27, 3.11) 0.0041 0.0049 2.09 (1.16, 3.77) 0.0165 0.0215
 D2 1.11 (0.43, 2.88) 0.8177 1.18 (0.43, 3.20) 0.7374
 D3 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
School Type
 Civilian 1 (reference) 1 (reference)
 Military 1.44 (0.49, 4.20) 0.4952 0.4895 1.39 (0.70, 2.79) 0.3335 0.3244