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. 2023 Apr 10;13:5830. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32980-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Illustration of the three conditions. Only data prior to the saccade (left of the dark vertical bar) was used for the analysis. (A) Timeline of events in the Saccade + stimulus condition. These trials were gaze contingent. Durations of each event are displayed at the bottom of panel B. On half of the trials, the stimulus would change its orientation during the saccade, from -30° to 30° or vice versa. Responses were given with button presses. (B) Timeline of events in the Saccade-only condition. In this condition participants only made a saccade; they did not perform the orientation-change detection task. (C) Timeline of events in the Stimulus-only condition. This condition was not gaze contingent, instead the first stimulus was briefly removed for a period that was sampled online from a distribution of saccade durations that were measured in the saccade conditions. Participants performed the same orientation-change detection task.