Induction of TGI/HA-CS double network hydrogel on M2-polarization of macrophages.
(A) Expression of M1-related (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-ɑ, iNOS, CD86) and M2-related (Ym1, Arg1, MR, IL-10) genes. (B) Percent of CD86-and CD206-positive cells and (C) mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of these two markers. (D) Immunofluorescence of CD206 (Bar = 100 μm). Quntification of (E) IL-10, (F) TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. (G) Gene expression of cytokines that induce fibrochondrogenic differentiation (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, IGF1, IGF2). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.