Table 2.

Findings from Cox regression models for the relationship between each approach to characterising multiple long‐term conditions (MLTC) and rates of emergency hospital admission (or death)

	Approach to characterising MLTC
Covariates in model	None	CI	BI	CC	BC
Age and sex
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Score 0	n/a	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
Score 1	n/a	2.00 (1.96–2.04)	1.65 (1.63–1.68)	1.43 (1.40–1.45)	1.44 (1.41–1.47)
Score 2	n/a	1.67 (1.64–1.71)	1.91 (1.87–1.94)	1.95 (1.91–1.99)	1.91 (1.87–1.95)
Score 3+	n/a	3.12 (3.00–3.24)	2.79 (2.71–2.86)	3.12 (3.06–3.18)	2.73 (2.68–2.79)
C‐statistic (95% CI)	0.57 (0.569–0.572)	0.601 (0.599–0.603)	0.611 (0.608–0.612)	0.630 (0.628–0.632)	0.621 (0.619–0.623)
Multivariable modela
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Score 0	n/a	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
Score 1	n/a	1.82 (1.78–1.85)	1.51 (1.48–1.53)	1.38 (1.35–1.41)	1.39 (1.36–1.42)
Score 2	n/a	1.64 (1.60–1.67)	1.79 (1.75–1.82)	1.82 (1.78–1.85)	1.79 (1.75–1.83)
Score 3+	n/a	2.75 (2.64–2.86)	2.41 (2.35–2.48)	2.73 (2.67–2.78)	2.44 (2.39–2.49)
C‐statistic (95% CI)	0.61 (0.609–0.613)	0.629 (0.627–0.630)	0.631 (0.629–0.633)	0.643 (0.642–0.645)	0.638 (0.636–0.640)

Note: P‐values comparing models with and without each MLTC approach shown were all < 0.001. N = 495,465.

Abbreviations: BC, body system count; BI, Byles index; CC, condition count; CI, Charlson index; n/a, not applicable.

^a Multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, Townsend deprivation index, body mass index category, smoking status and alcohol use.