Fig. 5.

One-time apoV injection ameliorates murine arthritis. (A) Scheme of D14 systemic apoV injection in collagen-induced arthritic DBA/1 (CIA) mice. (B, C) Comparison of clinical scores measured every 3 days in mice receiving D14 apoVs once, D14 BMMSCs once, or TNFi or PBS twice/week starting from D14 until the endpoint. N = 7–8 per group. (D, F) Representative images and histological scores of arthritic front and hind paws of CIA mice receiving apoVs, BMMSCs, TNFi or PBS at the time of harvest. (E) Representative images of HE staining, fast green staining of collagen (green) and microCT (μCT) of arthritic joints of CIA mice receiving apoVs, BMMSCs, TNFi or PBS at the time of harvest. N = 5–7 per group. Scale bar = 200 μm in HE and fast green staining. Scale bar = 1 mm in μCT images. (G, H) Representative flow cytometric staining of IL-17 and frequency of Th17 cells from DLN and spleen of CIA mice receiving apoVs, BMMSCs or PBS at the time of harvest. N = 5–7 per group. Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA was used for comparison among three groups when appropriate. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. *, p < 0.05. **, p < 0.01. ****, p < 0.0001.