Table 3.
Multiple logistic regression models for difficult temperament dimensions
| Low positive mood | Distress to novelty | Irregularity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Smoking status during pregnancy | ||||||
| Never | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Quit | 0.98 (0.79 to 1.21) | 0.84 | 0.79 (0.67 to 0.93) | 0.01 | 0.89 (0.80 to 0.97) | 0.02 |
| Light smoker | 1.04 (0.86 to1.24) | 0.65 | 0.97 (0.92 to 1.03) | 0.29 | 1.02 (0.95 to 1.10) | 0.49 |
| Heavy smoker | 1.17 (0.97 to 1.42) | 0.09 | 0.92 (0.78 to 1.08) | 0.27 | 1.05 (0.96 to 1.16) | 0.22 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.14) | 0.05 | 1.00 (0.92 to 1.08) | 0.89 | 0.97 (0.90 to 1.03) | 0.29 |
| Gestation (days) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.44 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.26 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.52 |
| Mother’s age (years) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 0.20 | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99) | 0.01 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.01) | 0.07 |
| Alcohol consumption during pregnancy | 1.21 (1.12 to 1.31) | <0.001 | 0.99 (0.90 to 1.09) | 0.93 | 1.03 (0.96 to 1.10) | 0.30 |
| History of maternal depression | 1.11 (0.96 to 1.30) | 0.13 | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.10) | 0.14 | 1.04 (0.93 to 1.10) | 0.44 |
| Partner-perpetrated domestic violence | ||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Yes | 1.14 (0.96 to 1.37) | 0.12 | 1.11 (1.03 to 1.20) | 0.01 | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.17) | 0.58 |
| Prefer not to answer | 1.23 (0.98 to 1.55) | 0.07 | 0.99 (0.78 to 1.27) | 0.98 | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.51) | 0.31 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Cohabiting | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.09) | 0.52 | 1.04 (0.90 to 1.19) | 0.57 | 1.22 (1.07 to 1.40) | 0.01 |
| Single | 1.23 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.13 | 1.17 (0.91 to 1.49) | 0.18 | 2.03 (1.76 to 2.33) | <0.001 |
| Household income-related poverty | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) | 0.38 | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.14) | 0.11 | 1.37 (1.18 to 1.60) | 0.001 |
| Mother’s education (NVQ grade) | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.11) | 0.09 | 0.98 (0.93 to 1.02) | 0.32 | 0.90 (0.87 to 0.94) | 0.001 |
| Mother’s social class | ||||||
| Routine and semi-routine occupation | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.18) | 0.93 | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.12) | 0.09 | 1.04 (096 to 1.12) | 0.29 |
| Mother’s ethnic group | ||||||
| White | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Mixed | 1.46 (0.93 to 2.28) | 0.09 | 1.81 (1.40 to 2.33) | 0.001 | 1.65 (1.28 to 2.14) | <0.01 |
| Indian | 1.29 (0.90 to 1.82) | 0.14 | 2.17 (1.82 to 2.58) | <0.001 | 2.85 (2.24 to 3.62) | <0.001 |
| Pakistani/Bangladeshi | 1.70 (1.53 to 1.88) | <0.001 | 1.69 (1.50 to 1.91) | <0.001 | 2.73 (1.88 to 3.97) | <0.001 |
| Black/black British | 2.03 (1.78 to 2.32) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.07 to 1.55) | 0.01 | 3.23 (2.72 to 3.82) | <0.001 |
| Other | 1.43 (1.29 to 1.58) | <0.001 | 1.35 (1.03 to 1.78) | 0.03 | 2.85 (1.89 to 4.30) | <0.001 |