TABLE 2.

Relationship between continuous total water intake (100 ml) and dry eye phenotypes

Dry eye phenotypes	All (N = 51 551)
	OR (95% CI), Model 1 a	p‐value	OR (95% CI), Model 2 b	p‐value	OR (95% CI), Model 3 c	p‐value
WHS‐defined DED	1.013 (1.008–1.018)	<0.001	1.020 (1.013–1.026)	<0.001	1.011 (1.004–1.017)	0.001
Highly symptomatic dry eye	1.024 (1.013–1.034)	<0.001	1.033 (1.020–1.046)	<0.001	1.020 (1.006–1.033)	0.004
Clinical diagnosis	1.013 (1.007–1.018)	<0.001	1.019 (1.013–1.026)	<0.001	1.010 (1.004–1.017)	0.002

Note: Odds ratio of having dry eye per 100 ml of total water intake per day.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; WHS, Women's Health Study.

^a Model 1: Corrected for age and sex only.

^b Model 2: Corrected for age, sex, body mass index, physical activity score, daily caloric intake, alcohol intake, smoking status, education level, and net monthly household income, full data available for 46 367 participants.

^c Model 3: corrected for age, sex, physical activity score, body mass index, daily caloric intake, alcohol intake, smoking status, education level, net monthly household income, 48 comorbidities associated with dry eye, and 15 medications and medication groups associated with dry eye and dry mouth, full data available for 45 730 participants.