TABLE 1.
Characteristics of patients and their hypersensitivity reactions
| Total | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Anaphylaxis a | p‐Value b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 150 | 38 | 83 | 29 | 112 | – |
| Gender (female) | 61% | 68% | 59% | 58% | 62% | .3394 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 39.5 ± 18.3 | 46.0 ± 18.8 | 34.4 ± 16.9 | 42.8 ± 18.8 | 37.3 ± 17.6 | .0382* |
| Atopy | 49% | 29% | 58% | 48% | 55% | .0083* |
| Basal Allergies | 46% | 29% | 58% | 48% | 55% | .0083* |
| Asthma | 27% | 13% | 35% | 21% | 31% | .0339* |
| Rhinitis | 37% | 21% | 47% | 31% | 43% | .0197* |
| Atopic dermatitis | 6% | 0% | 6% | 14% | 8% | .1157 |
| Trigger | ||||||
| Drug | 66% | 100% | 52% | 62% | 55% | <.0001* |
| AINES | 45% | 50% | 47% | 28% | 41% | .3504 |
| Antibiotics | 37% | 42% | 34% | 33% | 34% | .4348 |
| Contrasts | 5% | 3% | 5% | 11% | 7% | .4496 |
| Chemotherapies | 7% | 0% | 7% | 22% | 11% | .0374* |
| Others c | 6% | 5% | 7% | 6% | 7% | .7387 |
| Food | 29% | 0% | 40% | 35% | 38% | <.0001* |
| Nuts | 23% | 0% | 21% | 30% | 23% | .0008* |
| Fish/Seafood | 23% | 0% | 25% | 20% | 23% | .0008* |
| Fruits | 14% | 0% | 15% | 10% | 14% | .0122* |
| Milk | 19% | 0% | 21% | 10% | 19% | .0013* |
| Egg | 14% | 0% | 12% | 20% | 14% | .0122* |
| Others d | 7% | 0% | 6% | 10% | 7% | .1921 |
| Others e | 5% | 0% | 8% | 3% | 7% | .1921 |
| Symptoms | ||||||
| Cutaneous | 89% | 92% | 87% | 90% | 88% | .5698 |
| Mucosal | 49% | 42% | 53% | 45% | 51% | .4528 |
| Digestive | 37% | 0% | 49% | 52% | 50% | <.0001* |
| Respiratory | 64% | 0% | 88% | 79% | 86% | <.0001* |
| Neurological | 19% | 0% | 19% | 41% | 25% | .0004* |
| Cardiovascular | 23% | 0% | 11% | 86% | 30% | <.0001* |
| Treatment f | 62% | 24% | 75% | 73% | 79% | <.0001* |
| Epinephrine | 61% | 11% | 61% | 83% | 67% | <.0001* |
| H1R antagonist | 81% | 100% | 79% | 78% | 79% | .0013* |
| H2R antagonist | 18% | 11% | 11% | 39% | 19% | .3173 |
| Corticosteroids | 80% | 100% | 75% | 83% | 77% | .0008* |
| β2‐adrenergic agonist | 17% | 0% | 20% | 17% | 19% | .0051* |
Abbreviations: AINES, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; H1R, histamine type 1 receptor; H2R, histamine type 2 receptor; SD, standard deviation.
Patients with Grade 2 and Grade 3 reactions.
Statistical differences between patients with Grade 1 events and those with anaphylaxis (*p value < .05).
Anaphylaxis induced by analgesics, anaesthetics, proton‐pump inhibitors or angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors.
Anaphylaxis induced by mustard and honey.
Anaphylaxis induced by vaccines, insect stings or idiopathic.
Percentage of patients treated prior to acute sample collection in each group and treatments administered. The remaining patients received treatment after obtaining the sample.