Table 1.
Disease burden and healthcare costs used for model comparison exercise
| Input parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| RSV disease event rates per 100,000 per year (< 5yrs) | ||
| RSV non-severe cases | ||
| Low income | 4450 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Lower middle income | 3740 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Upper middle income | 4830 | Li 2022 [1] |
| RSV severe cases | ||
| Low income | 480 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Lower middle income | 1400 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Upper middle income | 690 | Assume 1/8 of all RSV-ALRI cases in Li 2022 [1] |
| RSV clinic visits | ||
| Low income | 2642 | RSV cases × 53.6% treatment for pneumonia [59] |
| Lower middle income | 3395 | RSV cases × 66.0% treatment for pneumonia [59] |
| Upper middle income | 3949 | RSV cases × 71.5% treatment for pneumonia [59] |
| RSV hospital admissions | ||
| Low income | 350 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Lower middle income | 620 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Upper middle income | 620 | Li 2022 [1] |
| RSV deaths | ||
| Low income | 29.86 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Lower middle income | 19.76 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Upper middle income | 4.73 | Li 2022 [1] |
| Cumulative percentage of RSV severe cases < 5 years, by age * | ||
| 1 m | 3.91% | A Burr distribution was fitted to RSV hospital admission data from two unpublished datasets (Argentina and Vietnam) and four studies (Kenya [45], Mozambique [46], Pakistan [47], and South Africa [48]) identified in Li, 2022 [1] |
| 3 m | 35.60% | |
| 6 m | 59.53% | |
| 1 yr | 77.21% | |
| 2yrs | 89.48% | |
| 5yrs | 100.00% | |
| Cumulative percentage of RSV non-severe cases < 5 years, by age** | ||
| 1 m | 0.29% | The ratio of non-severe to severe RSV case incidence from Li, 2022 [1] was applied in broad age bands (< 3 m, 3–5 m, 6–11 m, 12–59 m) to the fitted Burr age distribution for severe RSV cases. An updated Burr age distribution was then fitted to non-severe RSV cases |
| 3 m | 10.65% | |
| 6 m | 37.90% | |
| 1 yr | 65.85% | |
| 2yrs | 84.91% | |
| 5yrs | 100.00% | |
| DALY weights | ||
| RSV non-severe cases | 0.051 | GBD, 2019 [49] |
| RSV severe cases | 0.133 | GBD, 2019 [49] |
| Duration of illness (days) | ||
| RSV non-severe cases | 5 | Hall et al. [60] − / + 2 days |
| RSV severe cases | 10 | Hall et al. [60] − / + 2 days |
| Healthcare costs (US$) | ||
| RSV clinic visits | 62.24 | Cost of managing pneumonia, Zhang et al. [51] |
| RSV hospital admissions | 368.42 | Cost of managing pneumonia, Zhang et al. [51] |
Abbreviations: m months, yrs years
* Also assumed for RSV hospital admissions, RSV deaths, and RSV clinic visits among severe RSV cases. A Burr distribution (shape 1 = 2.9, shape 2 = 0.2, scale = 7.0) was used to calculate the age distribution by week of age (Additional file 1: Fig. S1)
** Also assumed for RSV clinic visits among non-severe cases. A Burr distribution (shape 1 = 3.3, shape 2 = 0.2, scale = 15.1) was used to calculate the age distribution by week of age (Additional file 1: Fig. S2)