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. 2023 Apr 10;21:252. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04072-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Sex-specific analysis of the relation between MetS components and periodontal health status. Panel A Combinations analysis (or multiple response analysis), reporting the prevalence of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases across combinations of sex, smoking habits, and MetS components (black dots and connection bars). Data visualization was limited to the twenty combinations with higher prevalence of periodontitis. Panel B Alluvial plot showing the distribution of MetS components (splines) across the reported axes strata (sex; periodontal condition). Each MetS component is indicated by a specific color. Panel C Association of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases with MetS definition, single MetS components, and any additional MetS component in women (pink) and men (blue). Panel D Association of MetS definition, single MetS components, and any additional MetS component with the periodontal disease spectrum (gingivitis; stable periodontitis; unstable periodontitis) by sex (women: pink; men: blue). Panel E Odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases based on the number of MetS components in women (pink) and men (blue)