Table 3.

Differences in odor identification and discrimination between controls and patients with Chronic Schizophrenia (CSZ).

Odor measure	Controls n = 48	Schizophrenia (CSZ) n = 58	Analysis of variance	Effect size
Sum of odor identification	12.18 ± 0.37	11.78 ± 0.44	F = 0.433, df = 1,100 p = 0.512	−0.14 (−0.52 − +0.25)
Sum of odor discrimination	11.80 ± 0.41	9.38 ± 0.48	F = 13.708, df = 1,100, p < 0.001	−0.73 (−1.12- -0.39)

Each number is adjusted mean ± s.e.m. from analysis of variance with age and number of cigarettes smoked /week as covariates and sex as factor. Effect Size is Cohen’s d with (95% confidence interval).