Table 2.
Human papillomavirus (HPV), cytological, and colposcopic findings by histological diagnosis.
| Total (N) | Benign, n (%) | CIN1, n (%) | CIN2, n (%) | CIN3, n (%) | Cancer, n (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 366 | 178 | 48.6 | 85 | 23.2 | 33 | 9 | 46 | 12.6 | 24 | 6.6 | |
| Cytology | |||||||||||
| NILM | 221 | 127 | 57.5 | 59 | 26.7 | 10 | 4.5 | 16 | 7.2 | 9 | 4.1 |
| ASC-US | 63 | 28 | 44.4 | 13 | 20.6 | 8 | 12.7 | 10 | 15.9 | 4 | 6.3 |
| LSIL | 36 | 15 | 41.7 | 11 | 30.6 | 5 | 13.9 | 4 | 11.1 | 1 | 2.8 |
| ASC-H | 14 | 3 | 21.4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 28.6 | 4 | 28.6 | 3 | 21.4 |
| HSIL | 30 | 4 | 13.3 | 1 | 3.3 | 6 | 20 | 12 | 40 | 7 | 23.3 |
| AGC | 2 | 1 | 50 | 1 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| HPV test | |||||||||||
| Negative | 58 | 39 | 67.2 | 15 | 25.9 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5.2 | 1 | 1.7 |
| HPV 16/18+ | 164 | 64 | 39 | 25 | 15.2 | 20 | 12.2 | 34 | 20.7 | 21 | 12.8 |
| Other hrHPV+ | 144 | 75 | 52.1 | 45 | 31.3 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 6.3 | 2 | 1.4 |
| General assessment by senior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Adequate | 321 | 152 | 47.4 | 73 | 22.7 | 33 | 10.3 | 45 | 14 | 18 | 5.6 |
| Inadequate | 45 | 26 | 57.8 | 12 | 26.7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2.2 | 6 | 13.3 |
| Transformation zone by Senior | |||||||||||
| Fully visible | 245 | 115 | 46.9 | 55 | 22.4 | 25 | 10.2 | 37 | 15.1 | 13 | 5.3 |
| Partially visible | 83 | 41 | 49.4 | 19 | 22.9 | 8 | 9.6 | 8 | 9.6 | 7 | 8.4 |
| Not visible | 38 | 22 | 57.9 | 11 | 28.9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2.6 | 4 | 10.5 |
| Colposcopy findings by the senior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Benign | 132 | 98 | 74.2 | 25 | 18.9 | 2 | 1.5 | 5 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.5 |
| LSIL | 139 | 67 | 48.2 | 48 | 34.5 | 11 | 7.9 | 10 | 7.2 | 3 | 2.2 |
| HSIL | 75 | 11 | 14.7 | 12 | 16 | 19 | 25.3 | 28 | 37.3 | 5 | 6.7 |
| Cancer | 20 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 15 | 14 | 70 |
| Biopsy types performed by the senior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Targeted biopsy | 248 | 92 | 37.1 | 63 | 25.4 | 31 | 12.5 | 40 | 16.1 | 22 | 8.9 |
| Random biopsy | 118 | 86 | 72.9 | 22 | 18.6 | 2 | 1.7 | 6 | 5.1 | 2 | 1.7 |
| No. of biopsy performed by the senior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 4 ± 0.9 | 4 | ±0.8 | 4 | ±0.8 | 4 | ±0.8 | 4 | ±0.7 | 3 | ±1.4 |
| Middle (IQR) | 4(3–4) | 4 | (3–4) | 4 | (3–4) | 4 | (4–5) | 4 | (4–5) | 4 | (3–4) |
| Colposcopy findings by CAIADS | |||||||||||
| Benign | 187 | 116 | 62 | 51 | 27.3 | 6 | 3.2 | 14 | 7.5 | 0 | 0 |
| LSIL | 131 | 53 | 40.5 | 25 | 19.1 | 21 | 16 | 22 | 16.8 | 10 | 7.6 |
| HSIL+ | 48 | 9 | 18.8 | 9 | 18.8 | 6 | 12.5 | 10 | 20.8 | 14 | 29.2 |
| Biopsy indicated by CAIADS | |||||||||||
| Not indicated | 187 | 116 | 62 | 51 | 27.3 | 6 | 3.2 | 14 | 7.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Biopsy indicated | 179 | 62 | 34.6 | 34 | 19 | 27 | 15.1 | 32 | 17.9 | 24 | 13.4 |
| No. of biopsy indicated by the CAIADS | |||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 1 ± 1.5 | 1 | ±1.4 | 1 | ±1.5 | 2 | ±1.5 | 2 | ±1.5 | 2 | ±1.3 |
| Middle (IQR) | 0(0–3) | 0 | (0–2) | 0 | (0–2) | 3 | (1–3) | 2 | (0–3) | 2 | (1–3) |
| Colposcopy findings by the junior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Benign | 149 | 72 | 48.3 | 56 | 37.6 | 11 | 7.4 | 7 | 4.7 | 3 | 2 |
| LSIL | 140 | 81 | 57.9 | 18 | 12.9 | 13 | 9.3 | 22 | 15.7 | 6 | 4.3 |
| HSIL | 59 | 23 | 39 | 10 | 16.9 | 9 | 15.3 | 14 | 23.7 | 3 | 5.1 |
| Cancer | 18 | 2 | 11.1 | 1 | 5.6 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 16.7 | 12 | 66.7 |
| Biopsy indicated by the junior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Not indicated | 115 | 72 | 62.6 | 22 | 19.1 | 11 | 9.6 | 7 | 6.1 | 3 | 2.6 |
| Biopsy indicated | 251 | 106 | 42.2 | 63 | 25.1 | 22 | 8.8 | 39 | 15.5 | 21 | 8.4 |
| No. of biopsy indicated by the junior colposcopist | |||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 3 ± 1.9 | 3 | ±2.1 | 3 | ±1.9 | 4 | ±1.1 | 4 | ±1.3 | 3 | ±1.5 |
| Middle (IQR) | 4(1–4) | 4 | (0–5) | 4 | (1–5) | 4 | (3–5) | 4 | (4–4) | 3 | (1–4) |
| Colposcopy findings by the CAIADS-Junior | |||||||||||
| Benign | 132 | 95 | 72 | 32 | 24.2 | 3 | 2.3 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 |
| LSIL | 147 | 66 | 44.9 | 38 | 25.9 | 20 | 13.6 | 18 | 12.2 | 5 | 3.4 |
| HSIL | 71 | 15 | 21.1 | 14 | 19.7 | 9 | 12.7 | 26 | 36.6 | 7 | 9.9 |
| Cancer | 16 | 2 | 12.5 | 1 | 6.3 | 1 | 6.3 | 1 | 6.3 | 11 | 68.8 |
| Biopsy indicated by the CAIADS-Junior | |||||||||||
| Unperformed | 95 | 71 | 74.7 | 21 | 22.1 | 2 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.1 |
| Performed | 271 | 107 | 39.5 | 64 | 23.6 | 31 | 11.4 | 46 | 17 | 23 | 8.5 |
| No. of biopsy indicated by the CAIADS-Junior | |||||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 3 ± 2.0 | 3 | ±2.2 | 3 | ±2.0 | 4 | ±1.1 | 4 | ±0.7 | 2 | ±1.7 |
| Middle (IQR) | 4(0–4) | 3 | (0–4) | 4 | (1–4) | 4 | (3–4) | 4 | (3–4) | 1 | (1–4) |
CAIADS, Colposcopic Artificial Intelligence Auxiliary Diagnostic System; IQR, interquartile range; NILM, negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy; ASC-US, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; LSIL, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; HSIL, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; ASC-H, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance that cannot exclude HSIL; HSIL+, HSIL or worse; hrHPV+, positive for high-risk subtypes; AGC, atypical glandular cells; HPV, human papillomavirus; SD, standard deviation; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; CIN1, CIN grade 1; CIN2, CIN grade 2; CIN3, CIN grade 3; CAIADS-Junior: junior colposcopist with the assistance of the CAIADS.