Table 5.

Main methods for assessing antioxidant activity.

Name of the Method	Principle of the Method	Advantages	Insufficient	References
Antioxidative activity assay (ABTS)	A moderately persistent radical cation, ABTS+, is produced when peroxidases such as methemoglobin and H2O2 are treated with ABTS. When ABTS+ interacts with Ferryl myoglobin, it creates a relatively stable blue-green color that can be seen at 600 nm.	Evaluated over a wide pH range; soluble in water and organic solvents; reacts rapidly	No biological or dietary systems contain ABTS radicals, which do not represent physical components.	(Badarinath et al., 2010)
Trolox equivalent capacity assay (TEAC)	Determine the radical scavenger’s ability to reduce the blue chromophore ABTS radical cation to a colorless substance. After discoloration, an absorbance measurement is taken at 734 nm.	A proper technique to evaluate the antioxidant strength of synthetic red colorants that is easy to use, quick (6 min), and efficient.	It requires a valid calculation of the reaction’s endpoint, and the reaction rate is not represented in the TEAC values.	(Obon et al., 2005)
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH)	Analyze the DPPH radical’s ability to scavenge oxygen by comparing it to the light yellow compound that it transforms into when a scavenger is present. At 515 nm, the absorbance drop is gauged.	Straightforward, quick, and practical for screening a large number of samples for radical scavenging activity without regard to sample polarity.	When substances in samples absorb at the same wavelength, interference may happen, resulting in overlapped DPPH spectra.	(Alam et al., 2013)