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. 2023 Feb 14;46(4):874–884. doi: 10.2337/dc22-2310

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Pooled HRs per 10 points of low-carbohydrate scores by numbers of low-risk lifestyle factors. Age (years)– and calendar year–stratified Cox model adjusted for race (White, African American, Asian, others), total energy (quintile), prediagnosis BMI (<21.0, 21.0–22.9, 23.0–24.9, 25.0–26.9, 27.0–29.9, 30.0–32.9, 33.0–34.9, or ≥35.0 kg/m2), multivitamin use (yes, no), family history of diabetes (yes, no), family history of myocardial infarction (yes, no), family history of cancer (yes, no), diabetes duration (0–5 years, 5–10 years, 10–15 years, >15 years), time interval between diagnosis date and latest postdiagnosis FFQ return date (months), postmenopausal hormone use (women only; premenopausal, never, former, current, or missing), oral hypoglycemic drug use (women only; yes, no), and insulin use (women only; yes, no). Three low-risk lifestyle factors were the following dichotomized variables: non-current smoking, moderate to vigorous physical activity (≥7.5 METs h/week), and moderate alcohol consumption (5–15 g/day for women and 5–30 g/day for men). The P values for interactions were calculated between each continuous LCDS and number of low-risk lifestyle factors on all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality.