12. Interventions for symptomatic PDA: pulmonary haemorrhage.

		Comparison
		Indomethacin	Ibuprofen	Placebo/no treatment
Therapy	Indomethacin	‐	‐	Indomethacin vs placebo/no treatment* 0.40, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.16; 1 RCT, N = 92
				Very early treatment (≤ day 3) vs expectant management* 0.59, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.53; 2 RCTs, N = 136
	Ibuprofen	Ibuprofen IV/PO vs Indomethacin IV/PO* 0.91, 95% CI 0.40 to 2.04; 4 RCTs, N = 303	Ibuprofen PO vs Ibuprofen IV* 0.14, 95% CI 0.01 to 2.52; 1 RCT, N = 70	Ibuprofen IV vs placebo/no treatment* 0.25, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.18; 1 RCT, N = 136
		Ibuprofen PO vs Indomethacin IV/PO* RD ‐0.22, 95% CI ‐0.51 to 0.07; 1 RCT, N = 21		Very early treatment (≤ day 3) vs expectant management* 0.59, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.49; 2 RCTs, N = 124
	Acetaminophen	0.77, 95% CI 0.28 to 2.10; 3 RCTs, N = 347	0.87, 95% CI 0.36 to 2.09; 5 RCTs, N = 442	Late treatment (≥ day 14) 2.07, 95% CI 0.20 to 21.56; 1 RCT, N = 55

CI: confidence interval;IV: intravenous; PO: per os; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus; PMA: post‐menstrual age; RCT: randomised controlled trials; RD: risk difference; vs: versus

Reference is the listed comparison therapy, unless otherwise indicated by *

Differences between intervention and comparison provided as risk ratio (RR), unless otherwise specified