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. 2023 Mar 29;13:1059289. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1059289

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Copyright © 2023 Le, Wu, Khan, Phillips, Rajpurkar, Garland, Magid, Sibai, Huang, Sahoo, Mak, Bowen, Cowan, Pinsky and Hogan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Feature importance analysis by SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values. The top 20 amino acids by percentage importance using the SHAP method are presented by amino acid. The colors indicate the association between feature value and positive SARS-CoV-2 classification, with features pushing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 higher in blue, and features pushing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 lower in orange. The axis scale represents the predicted SHAP output value scale. Positive SHAP values indicate positive impact on model prediction (leading the model to predict SARS-CoV-2-positive), whereas negative SHAP values indicate negative impact on model prediction (leading the model to predict SARS-CoV-2-negative).