TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of patients tested and diagnosed with HIV per year of emergency department (ED) screening
| Parameter | First year a | Second year b | Third year c | Total d | 3 years pre‐screening e | p‐value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total emergency visits (n) | 100 501 | 79 625 | 72 027 | 252 153 | 282 751 | ND |
| People screened for HIV (n) | 15 242 | 12 090 | 11 025 | 38 357 | NA | NA |
| Sex [n (%)] | ||||||
| Male | 7130 (43) | 6061 (44) | 5706 (45) | 18 897 (43.8) | NA | NA |
| Female | 9731 (57) | 7607 (56) | 6915 (55) | 24 253 (56.2) | NA | NA |
| Age range (years) [n (%)] | ||||||
| 18–29 | 3684 (24.1) | 2835 (23.5) | 2344 (21.3) | 8863 (23.1) | NA | NA |
| 30–39 | 3118 (20.5) | 2431 (20.1) | 2166 (19.6) | 7715 (20.1) | NA | NA |
| 40–49 | 3570 (23.4) | 2894 (23.9) | 2708 (24.6) | 9172 (23.9) | NA | NA |
| 50–64 | 4870 (31.9) | 3930 (32.5) | 3808 (34.5) | 12 607 (32.9) | NA | NA |
| Country of origin [n (%)] | ||||||
| Portugal | 10 469 (68.7) | 7919 (65.5) | 7189 (65.2) | 25 577 (66.7) | NA | NA |
| Other than Portugal | 4647 (30.5) | 4069 (33.7) | 3743 (34) | 12 459 (32.5) | NA | NA |
| Unknown (%) | 126 (0.8) | 102 (0.8) | 93 (0.8) | 321 (0.8) | NA | NA |
| New HIV diagnosis (n) | 36 | 17 | 16 | 69 | 37 | ND |
| Sex [n (%)] | ||||||
| Male | 21 (58.3) | 9 (52.9) | 7 (43.7) | 37 (53.6) | 26 (70.3) | ND |
| Female | 15 (41.7) | 8 (47.1) | 9 (56.3) | 32 (46.4) | 11 (29.7) | ND |
| Age range (years) [n (%)] | ||||||
| 18–29 | 10 (27.8) | 3 (17.7) | 2 (12.5) | 15 (21.7) | 6 (16.2) | ND |
| 30–39 | 8 (22.2) | 4 (23.5) | 3 (18.8) | 15 (21.7) | 7 (18.9) | ND |
| 40–49 | 5 (13.9) | 8 (47) | 9 (56.3) | 22 (31.9) | 12 (32.4) | ND |
| 50–64 | 13 (36.1) | 2 (11.8) | 2 (12.4) | 17 (24.6) | 12 (32.4) | ND |
| Country of origin [n (%)] | ||||||
| Portugal | 12 (33.3) | 7 (41.2) | 8 (50) | 27 (39.1) | 16 (43.2) | ND |
| Other than Portugal | 24 (66.7) | 10 (58.8) | 8 (50) | 42 (60.9) | 21 (56.8) | ND |
| Mode of transmission [n (%)] | ||||||
| HTS | 27 (75) | 11 (64.7) | 14 (87.5) | 52 (75.4) | 28 (75.7) | ND |
| MSM | 9 (25) | 5 (29.4) | 2 (12.5) | 16 (23.2) | 8 (21.6) | ND |
| IVDU | 0 | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.7) | ND |
| CD4 count (cells/μL) (mean ± SD) | 417 ± 247 | 407 ± 233 | 385 ± 299 | 411 ± 253 | 211 ± 150 | <0.0001 |
| Late diagnosis f [n (%)] | ||||||
| Yes (CD4 ≤ 350 cells/μL) | 12 (33.3) | 6 (35.3) | 9 (56.2) | 27 (39.1) | 29 (78.4) | 0.0291 |
| No (CD4 > 350 cells/μL) | 21 (58.3) | 9 (52.9) | 7 (43.8) | 37 (53.6) | 8 (21.6) | ND |
| Unknown | 3 (8.3) | 2 (11.8) | 0 | 5 (7.2) | 0 | ND |
| Patients with at least one healthcare encounter [n (%)] | 13 (36.1) | 10 (58.8) | 5 (31.3) | 28 (40.6) | 25 (67.6) | 0.0829 |
| Number of missed opportunities per patient (mean ± SD) | 1.4 ± 2.9 | 2.1 ± 3.9 | 0.9 ± 1.9 | 1.5 ± 3.0 | 2.6 ± 3.6 | 0.0997 |
Note: Bold values highlight screening and historical control values.
Abbreviations: IVDU, intravenous drug use; HTS, heterosexual sex; MSM, men who have sex with men; NA, not applicable; ND, not determined; SD, standard deviation.
*
Statistical comparison between screening and historical control group.
a
From 12 September 2018 to 11 September 2019.
b
From 12 September 2019 to 11 September 2020.
c
From 12 September 2020 to 11 September 2021.
d
From 12 September 2018 to 11 September 2021.
e
From 12 September 2015 to 11 September 2018.
f
As determined by the CD4 count (cells/μL).