TABLE 2.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of 1823 HCM patients with and without new onset clinical atrial fibrillation over follow-up
| Demographic | HCM without AF (n = 1625) | New onset AF (n = 198) | Odds ratio/p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 60% | 61% | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4); p = .94 |
| Age | 52 ± 15 | 56 ± 14 | p < .001 |
| Max LV wall thickness (mm) | 19 ± 4 | 20 ± 4 | p = .001 |
| Ejection fraction | 64 ± 5 | 64 ± 7 | p = 1.0 |
| Ejection fraction <50% | 1.8% | 5% | 2.5 (1.2, 5.4); p = .02 |
| Left atrial dimension | 40 ± 6 | 44 ± 7 | p <. 001 |
| Left atrial dimension ≥45 mm | 24% | 43% | 2.4 (1.8, 3.2); p < .0001 |
| LVOT gradient ≥30 mmHg-rest or provocation, % | 63% | 67% | 1.2 (0.9, 1.7); p = .24 |
| % LGE by CMR | 5.6 ± 5 | 7.4 ± 8 | p = .03 |
| % LGE ≥ 15% | 4% | 9% | 2.2 (1.0,4.8); p = .05 |
| Family history-SD | 8% | 13% | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6); p = .02 |
| Syncope | 9% | 14% | 1.6 (1.0, 2.4); p = .04 |
| NSVT on ambulatory monitoring | 8% | 12% | 1.4 (0.9, 2.3); p = .15 |
| NYHA class at initial visit | |||
| I | 36% | 25% | 0.6 (0.4, 0.8); p = .002 |
| II | 29% | 35% | 1.3 (1.0, 1.8); p = .08 |
| III/IV | 35% | 40% | 1.2 (0.9, 1.7); p = .15 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30 ± 6 | 31 ± 6 | p = .04 |
| <25 kg/m2 | 22% | 15% | 0.6 (0.4, 1.0); p = .05 |
| 25–29 kg/m2 | 37% | 37% | 1.4 (0.9, 2.3); p = .17 |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 41% | 48% | 1.7 (1.0, 2.7); p = .03 |
| History of Hypertension | 28% | 27% | 1.0 (0.7, 1.3); p = .79 |
| SBP, mmHg | 126 ± 17 | 124 ± 16 |
p =.11 |
| DBP, mmHg | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 9 | p = .007 |
| History of diabetes | 11% | 11% | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7); 0.89 |
| History of CAD | 8% | 10% | 1.3 (0.8, 2.1); p = .3 |
| History of hypothyroid | 9% | 10% | 1.1 (0.7, 1.9); p = .64 |
| History of hyperlipidemia | 40% | 42% | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5); p = .56 |
| History of chronic kidney disease | 3% | 2% | 0.7 (0.2, 1.9); 0.43 |
| History of obstructive sleep apnea | 11% | 9% | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3); p = .33 |
| History of pulmonary disease | 9% | 13% | 1.5 (0.1, 2.4); p = .10 |
| History of tobacco use | 36% | 39% | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6); p = .45 |
| History of alcohol use | 60% | 60% | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4); p = .89 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; LV, left ventricular; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; SBP, systolic blood pressure.