Figure 2.

Cells invasion. Invasion assays performed on the NSCC cell lines (A) A549 and (B) Calu-1 using transwell culture inserts (8.0 µm pore size) coated with Matrigel. Upper left panels: representative phase-contrast images (20 × objective) show cells that have invaded through the insert after 48 h and are at the bottom of the well containing the insert. Bottom left panels: representative fluorescence micrographs of Hoechst 33258-stained cells show cells migrating in the lower part of the membrane. Results reported in bar graphs represent the mean ± SD of three different experiments. (*) p < 0.05 and (**) p < 0.01 vs. CTR (one-way ANOVA). In the right panels, fluorescence micrographs representative of three independent experiments for control (upper) and CytoMix-treated cells (bottom) show cells stained with MitoTracker red, to label the mitochondrial network, and counterstained with Hoechst 33258.