Figure 1.

Patterns of gene expression in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency. Following initial infection, EBV establishes 4 common patterns of gene expression termed type 0 latency, type I latency, type II latency, and type III latency. No proteins are expressed in type 0 latency. In type I latency, Epstein–Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) 1 is the only protein expressed. In type II latency, EBNA1, latent membrane protein (LMP) 1, and LMP2 are expressed. Type III latency features the expression of all EBV-associated latency proteins including EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA3, EBNA-LP, LMP1, and LMP2. Notably, Epstein–Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) are expressed in all forms of latency.