Table 1.
Summary of studies about dysbiosis observed in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
| Study | Population | Number | Liver Biopsy | Sample | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li F. 2021 [18] | NAFLD patients | 15 studies (1265) |
9 studies | Stool | Increase in Escherichia, Prevotella and Streptococcus Decrease in Coprococcus, Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus No differences in Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Clostridium, Dorea, Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides or Roseburia |
| Wang B. 2016 [19] | Non obese adult patients with or without NAFLD | 126 | - | Stool | Reduction in diversity. Increase in gram negative and decrease in gram positive Increase in Bacteroidetes (Bacteroidia) Decrease in Firmicutes (Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae) |
| Schwimmer J. 2019 [20] | Children with NAFLD vs. overweight or obese | 124 | Yes | Stool | Increase in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteriae Decrease in Firmicutes and Lower α-diversity; No difference in β-diversity NASH individuals: more Proteobacteriae and lower α-diversity F1: increase in Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes; F ≥ 2: Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and TM7 |
| Zhu L. 2013 [22] | Children and adolescents with NASH or obesity vs healthy controls | 63 | Yes | Stool | Low species abundance Increase in Bacteroidetes (Prevotellaceae) and increase in Proteobacteriae (Enterobacteriae: E: coli; 90% OTU #20341) Decrease in Firmicutes (Lachanospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae) and decrease in Actinobacteriae (Bifidobacterium) |
| Boursier J. 2016 [21] | NAFLD patients | 57 | Yes | Stool | Increase in Bacteroides and decrease in Prevotella in NASH patients Increase in Bacteroides and Ruminococcus in patients with significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2); decrease in Prevotella in patients with significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2) |
| Duarte S. 2018 [23] | Individuals with NASH vs lean healthy controls | 23 | Yes | Stool | Lean NASH: lower abundance of Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus Overweight NASH: enriched in Bifidobacterium Obese NASH: enriched in Lactobacilli |
| Loomba R. 2017 [24] | NAFLD patients (F0–2 vs. F3–4) | 87 | Yes | Stool | F0–2: more abundance of Firmicutes; F3–4: more abundance of Proteobacteria |