Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with IBD who improved their phenotype at the end of the study (T1) compared to patients with IBD who maintained a frail phenotype at T1. CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: ulcerative colitis; BMI: body mass index; EIMs: extraintestinal manifestations; ISS: immunosuppressors.
| Characteristics at T1 | Improved Frail Phenotype (N = 47) | Persistence of Frail Phenotype (N = 11) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median [range] | 54 [18–71] | 59 [27–78] | 0.27 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 28 (60) | 8 (73) | 0.07 |
| CD, n (%) | 25 (53) | 6 (55) | 0.88 |
| UC, n (%) | 22 (47) | 5 (45) | 0.88 |
| Duration of disease (months), median [range] | 156 [10–624] | 180 [24–492] | 0.99 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median [range] | 24 [15–41] | 23.5 [20–33] | 0.83 |
| History of EIMs, n (%) | 12 (26) | 7 (64) | 0.03 |
| History of steroid dependence/resistance, n (%) | 22 (47) | 4 (36) | 0.74 |
| Clinically active disease, n (%) | 14 (30) | 8 (73) | <0.0001 |
| Current therapy with steroids, n (%) | 4 (9) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Current therapy with biologic agents, n (%) | 35 (74) | 3 (27) | <0.0001 |
| Current therapy with ISS, n (%) | 2 (4) | 0 | 0.048 |
| Current therapy with mesalamine, n (%) | 31 (66) | 7 (64) | 0.88 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median [range] | 1 [0–5] | 3 [0–5] | 0.08 |
| Psychiatric diseases, n (%) | 9 (19) | 2 (18) | 0.90 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 1 (2) | 0 | 0.50 |
| Pneumological diseases, n (%) | 5 (11) | 1 (9) | 0.81 |
| Neurodegenerative diseases, n (%) | 1 (2) | 0 | 0.50 |
| Post-COVID fatigue, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (9) | 0.06 |