Table 2.
A summary of selected nanomaterial-based detection methods for diseases prevalent in developing countries.
| Type of Nanomaterial | Detection Analyte | Detection Methodology | Targeted Disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gold nanoparticles | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Electrochemical | Tuberculosis | [79] |
| Silica nanoparticles | HIV-1 p24 antigen | Photochemical | HIV/AIDS | [80] |
| Magnetic nanoparticles | Plasmodium falciparum | Electrochemical | Malaria | [81] |
| Gold nanoparticles | SARS-CoV-2/N gene RNA | Colorimetric | COVID-19 | [82] |
| Carbon nanotubes | Glucose | Amperometric | Diabetes | [83] |
| Graphene oxide | Prostate-specific antigen | Fluorescence | Prostate cancer | [84] |
| Magnetic nanoparticles | DNA | Electrochemical | Genetic disorders | [85,86] |
| Quantum dots | Carcinoembryonic antigen | Optical | Colon cancer | [87] |
| Gold nanoparticles | SARS-CoV-2 pseudo virus | Colorimetric | COVID-19 | [88] |
| Magnetic nanoparticle | E. coli | Microscopy | Foodborne disease by E. coli | [89] |
| Silver nanoclusters | S. typhimurium | Fluorescence | Typhoid | [90] |
| Silver nanoclusters | E. coli | Fluorescence | Bacterial infection | [91] |
| Gold nanoparticles | Listeria monocytogenes | Fluorescence | listeriosis | [92] |
| Gold nanoparticles | Proteus mirabilis in urine | Colorimetric | Urease producing bacteria | [93] |
| Gold nanoparticles | IL-6 in blood | Colorimetric | Sepsis | [94] |