Table 4.
Modulation in the expression of mTOR, AMPK, and TNF-α by carotenoid extract of C. racemosa compared to the control, lipopolysaccharide.
| 6 h | 24 h | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Markers | CrE | CrEA | CrNH | CrE | CrEA | CrNH | |
| % Increase | AMPK | 30.96 | 21.16 | 25.00 | 54.20 | 41.76 | 38.46 |
| % Decrease | TNF-α | 28.73 | 16.13 | 15.83 | 49.70 | 41.40 | 39.46 |
| % Decrease | mTOR | 25.63 | 24.53 | 24.96 | 41.90 | 39.93 | 38.76 |
% Increase or decrease compared to the control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 6 h: six-hour incubation; 24 h: twenty-four-hour incubation. CrE: C. racemosa—ethanol (polar); CrEA: C. racemosa—ethyl acetate (semi-polar); CrNH: C. racemosa—n-hexane (non-polar).