Table 1.

List of nanodrugs approved by the FDA for clinical application [41,42,43].

	Trade Name (Manufacturer)	Component	Delivery Method	Indication(s)	Approval Year	References
Liposomal nanoparticle	AmBIsome (Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA)	Amphotericin B in liposome	Intravenous infusion	Fungal/protozoal infections	1991	[44]
	Onivyde (Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Paris France)	Irinotecan in liposome	Intravenous injection	Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas	2015	[45]
	Vyxeos (Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Dublin Ireland)	Daunorubicin and cytarabine in liposome	intramuscular, intrathecal, or subcutaneous injection	AML, AML due to previous cancer therapy, AML with myelodysplasia related changes	2017	[46]
	Doxil (Janssen, Beerse Belgium)	Doxorubicin-HCl in liposome	Intravenous infusion	Multiple myeloma Kaposi’s sarcoma and Ovarian cancer	1995	[47]
	Marqibo (Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, USA)	Vincristine in liposome	Intravenous injection	ALL	2012	[48]
	DepoDur (Pacira Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA)	Orphine sulphate in liposome	Epidural administration	Postoperative pain	2011	[49]
	Visudyne (Bausch and Lomb, Vaughan, ON, Canada)	Verteporfin in liposome	Intravenous injection	subfoveal choroidal neovascularization due to AMD, myopia	2000	[50]
Polymer NPs	Adagen (Leadiant Biosciences, Gaithersburg, MD, USA)	Pegademase bovine	intramuscular injection	SCID	1990	[51]
	Plegridy (Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA)	Pegylated IFN-β-1a	Subcutaneous injection	Multiple sclerosis	2014	[41]
	Somavert (Pfizer, New York, NY, USA)	Pegvisomant	Subcutaneous injection	Acromegaly	2007	[52]
	Eligard (Tolmar, Chicago, IL, USA)	Leuprolide acetate and polymer	Subcutaneous injection	Prostate cancer	2003	[53]
	Cimzia (UCB, Brussels, Belgium)	Certolizumab pegol	Pills or intravenous injection	Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis	2009	[54]
	Macugen (Bausch and Lomb, Vaughan, ON, Canada)	Pegaptinib	Intravitreal injections	Neovascular AMD	2004	[55]
	Neulasta (Amgen, C Thousand Oaks, CA, USA)	Pegfilgrastim	On-body injection	Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia	2002	[56]
	Pegasys (Genentech, Souht San Francisco, CA, USA)	Pegylated IFN alpha-2a	Subcutaneous injection	Hepatitis B, hepatitis C	2002	[51]
	PegIntron (Merck, Kenilworth, NY, USA)	Pegylated IFN alpha-2b	Subcutaneous injection	Hepatitis C	2001	[57]
	Copaxone (Teva, Tel Aviv Israel)	Glatimer acetate	Subcutaneous injection	Multiple sclerosis	1996	[58]
	Rebinyn (Novo Nordisk, Bagsværd, Denmark)	Coagulation factor IX (recombinant), glycopegylated	Intravenous injection	Haemophilia B	2008	[41]
	Zilretta (Flexion Therapeutics, Woburn, MA, USA)	Triamcinolone acetonide	Intra-articular injection	Osteoarthritis knee pain	2017	[41]
Micellar NPs	Abraxane (Celgene, Summit, NJ, USA)	Micellar containing paclitaxel	Intravenous	breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and ovarian cancer	2005	[41]
Nanocrystal nanoparticles	Rapamune (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Madison, WI, USA)	Sirolimus	Oral administration	Immunosuppressant	1999	[41]
	Emend (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA)	Aprepitant	Oral administration	Antiemetic	2003	[59]
	Focalin (Novartis, Cambridge, MA, USA)	Dexamethylphenidate HCl	Intravenous injection	Psychostimulant	2002	[60]
	Invega Sustenna (Janssen, Beerse Belgium)	Paliperidone palmitate	Intramuscular injection	Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder	2009	[61]
	Zanaflex (Acorda, Ardsley, NY, USA)	Tizanidine HCl	Oral administration	Muscle relaxant	1997	[62]
	Ritalin (Novartis, Cambridge, MA, USA)	Methylphenidate HCl	Oral administration	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy	1955	[63]
	Avinza (Pfizer, New York City, NY, USA)	Morphine sulfate	Oral administration	Severe pain	2002	[64]
	Tricor (AbbVie, Chicago, IL, USA)	Fenofibrate	Oral administration	Hyper-lipidemia	1998	[41]
Inorganic nanoparticles	Dexferrum (American Regent, Shirley, NY, USA)	Iron dextran	Intravenous injection	Iron deficiency	2009	[65]
	Venofer (Vifor Pharma, Zurich Switzerland)	Iron sucrose	Intravenous injection	Iron deficiency in CKD, IBD	2000	[66]
	Ferrlecit (Sanofi-Aventis, Paris France)	Sodium ferric gluconate complex in sucrose	Intravenous infusion	Iron deficiency in CKD	1999	[66]
	Onpattro (Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA)	Antisense mRNA to the transthyretin (TTR) gene	subcutaneous injection	caused by hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (hATTR)	2018	[67]
	Feraheme (AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA)	Ferumoxytol	Intravenous infusion	Iron deficiency in CKD	2009	[68]

AMD—Age related macular degeneration, AML—Acute myeloid leukamia ALL—Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, CKD—Chronic kidney disease, IBD—Inflammatory bowel disease, SCID—Severe combined immunodeficiency disease.