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. 2023 Mar 1;13(4):e2939. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2939

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Conceptual framework for the Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal effect of psychiatric traits on epilepsy. The design is based on the assumption that the genetic variants are associated with psychiatric traits, but not with confounders, and affect epilepsy only through psychiatric traits. SNPs, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms.