CFU	Colony-forming unit
DAI	Disease activity index
GIT	Gastrointestinal tract
CD	Crohn’s disease
UC	Ulcerative colitis
DSS	Dextran sulphate sodium
TNBS	Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid
DNBS	Dinitro-benzenesulfonic-acid
Gm probiotics	Genetically modified probiotics
IBD	Inflammatory bowel disease
MPO	Myeloperoxidase
SCFAs	Short-chain fatty acids