Table 1.
Characteristics of preclinical studies.
| Author | Year | Country | Lineage | Sex * | Age (Week) | Number of Groups | Number of Animals | Model | Acute/Chronic Course |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Del Carmen et al. [29] | 2015 | Argentina | BALB/C mice | Female | 5 | 4 | 32 | TNBS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Gardlik et al. [21] | 2012 | Slovak Republic | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 10 | 6 | 60 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Foligné et al. [17] | 2006 | France | BALB/C mice | Female | 7–8 | 4 | 32–48 | TNBS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Del Carmen et al. [26] | 2014 | Argentina | BALB/C mice | Female | 5 | 5 | 90 | TNBS induced colitis | Chronic |
| Martín et al. [27] | 2014 | France | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 6–8 | 4 | 64 | DNBs induced colitis | Chronic |
| Steidler et al. [16] | 2000 | Belgium | BALB/C mice | Female | N.A. | 13 | 130 | DSS induced colitis | Chronic |
| 129 SvIEv IL-10−/− mice | Female | 3–7 | 3 | 15 | IL-10−/− mice | Chronic | |||
| Hamady et al. [23] | 2013 | Britain | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 8 | 7 | 56 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Bermúdez-Humarán et al. [28] | 2015 | France | C57BL/6 mice | N.A. | 6–8 | 10 | 60–80 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Liu et al. [36] | 2020 | Taiwan | C57BL/6JNarl mice | Male | 7–8 | 7 | 38 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Chiabai et al. [33] | 2019 | Brazil | C57BL/6 mice | Female | 10 | 4 | 16–20 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Namai et al. [37] | 2020 | Japan | C57BL/6 mice | Female | 7 | 2 | 36 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Zhang et al. [32] | 2018 | China | BALB/C mice | Male | 6–8 | 4 | 40 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Wang et al. [35] | 2019 | China | C57BL/6 mice | Female | 6–8 | 6 | 30 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Zhang et al. [24] | 2013 | China | BALB/C mice | Female | 7 | 5 | 40 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Xie et al. [31] | 2017 | China | Wistar rats | Male | 9–10 | 4 | 48 | TNBS induced colitis | Acute |
| LeBlanc et al. [20] | 2011 | Argentina | BALB/C mice | Female | 5 | 5 | 90 | TNBS induced colitis | Acute |
| Del Carmen et al. [25] | 2014 | Argentina | BALB/C mice | Female | 5 | 6 | 36 | TNBS induced colitis | Chronic |
| Han et al. [18] | 2006 | France | Wistar rats | Male | N.A. | 15 | 110 | TNBS induced colitis | Acute |
| Wong et al. [22] | 2012 | China | BALB/C mice | Male | 6–8 | 10 | 94 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Li et al. [40] | 2021 | China | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 7–8 | 6 | 30 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Zeng et al. [38] | 2020 | China | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 6–8 | 4 | 28 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Esposito et al. [39] | 2021 | Italy | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 | 7 | 70 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Park et al. [41] | 2021 | Korea | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 8 | 6 | 60 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Yan et al. [45] | 2021 | China | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 7 | 5 | 25 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Yoon et al. [19] | 2008 | Korea | BALB/C mice | Female | 6 | 4 | 20 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Shigemori et al. [30] | 2015 | Japan | C57BL/6 mice | Female | 7 | 4 | 39 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Praveschotinunt et al. [34] | 2019 | USA | C57BL/6NCrl mice | Female | 8–9 | 8 | 38–49 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Sun et al. [43] | 2021 | China | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 6–8 | 4 | 26 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Scott at al [42] | 2021 | Canada | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 8–10 | 4 | 36 | TNBS induced colitis | Acute |
| Female | 8–10 | 4 | 41 | DSS induced colitis | Chronic | ||||
| Female | 8–10 | 5 | 29 | Anti-CD3 antibody-induced enteritis | Acute | ||||
| Wang et al. [44] | 2021 | China | BALB/C mice | Male | 6 | 9 | 37–53 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Wei et al. [54] | 2016 | China | SD rats | Male and Female | N.A. | 4 | 48 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Wei et al. [55] | 2016 | China | BALB/c mice | Male | 6–12 | 4 | 40 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Vandenbroucke et al. [46] | 2010 | Belgium | BALB/c mice | Female | 11 | 5 | 50 | DSS-induced colitis | Chronic |
| IL10 knockout mice | N.A. | 20 | 10 | 87 | IL10 knockout mice | Chronic | |||
| Liu et al. [53] | 2016 | China | BALB/c mice | Female | 8 | 5 | 40 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Zurita-Turk et al. [58] | 2020 | Brazil | IL-10−/− mice and wild-type mice | N.A. | 2 | 4 | About 36 | IL-10−/− | Chronic |
| Qiu et al. [49] | 2013 | China | BALB/c mice | Female | 4–6 | 8 | 64 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Yao et al. [48] | 2011 | China | BALB/c mice | Male | 6 | 5 | 50 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Hanson et al. [50] | 2014 | USA | C57BL/6 and Rag1−/− | Male | 7.5 | N.A. | N.A. | Transfer of CD4 + CD45RBhi T cells-induced colitis | Chronic |
| Whelan et al. [52] | 2014 | Germany | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 9–11 | 4 | 45 | DSS induced colitis | Acute |
| Breyner et al. [57] | 2019 | France | C57BL/6 mice | N.A. | 6–8 | 4 | N.A. | DNBS-induced colitis | Acute |
| 4 | N.A. | DSS-induced colitis | Acute | ||||||
| Liu et al. [56] | 2018 | China | SD rats | Male | N.A. | 4 | 48 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Hou et al. [51] | 2014 | China | BALB/c mice | Female | 6 | 4 | 60 | TNBS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Watterlot et al. [47] | 2010 | France | BALB/c mice | Male | 7 | 5 | 50 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
| Aubry et al. [60] | 2015 | France | C57BL/6 mice | N.A. | 6 | 6 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute | |
| Foligne et al. [59] | 2007 | France | BALB/c and C57BL/6 | Female | 7–9 | 4 | 40 | TNBS-induced colitis | Acute |
| 4 | 40 | IL-10−/− and TNBS-induced colitis | Acute | ||||||
| 8 | 80 | DSS-induced colitis | Acute |
* We only extracted information on the animals used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gm probiotics.