Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Population
| Men (n = 574) | Women (n = 748) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 64 (51, 73) | 55 (42, 67) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 (25.1, 30.1) | 27.2 (23.9, 31.8) | 0.93 |
| Physical performance | |||
| Timed up and go (s) | 8.4 (7.4, 9.7) | 7.6 (6.5, 9.0) | <0.001 |
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 38.7 (33.3, 43.7) | 24 (19.8, 28.5) | <0.001 |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.2) | N/A | |
| Adverse events | |||
| At least 1 fall in last year | 83 (14.5%) | 201 (26.9%) | <0.001 |
| At least 1 fracture in last 5 years | 65 (11.3%) | 67 (9.0%) | 0.17 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | |||
| Neck of femur | 0.954 (0.864, 1.055) | 0.915 (0.816, 1.021) | <0.001 |
| Hip | 1.043 (0.946, 1.148) | 0.970 (0.878, 1.069) | <0.001 |
| Lumbar spine | 1.298 (1.178, 1.454) | 1.205 (1.087, 1.328) | <0.001 |
| 2.6 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 2.018 (1.874, 2.155) | 1.654 (1.490, 1.797) | <0.001 |
| 13 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 1.986 (1.859, 2.108) | 1.624 (1.490, 1.753) | <0.001 |
| Whole thigh ROI | 1.608 (1.504, 1.711) | 1.393 (1.292, 1.480) | <0.001 |
| Lean mass (kg) | |||
| ALM | 25.8 (23.3, 28.4) | 17.5 (15.9, 19.3) | <0.001 |
| 2.6 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 0.42 (0.38, 0.47) | 0.31 (0.28, 0.35) | <0.001 |
| 13 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 2.1 (1.9, 2.4) | 1.6 (1.4, 1.7) | <0.001 |
| Whole thigh ROI | 5.4 (4.8, 6.0) | 3.7 (3.3, 4.1) | <0.001 |
| Lean mass corrected for height2 (kg/m2) | |||
| ALM | 8.4 (7.8, 9.1) | 6.7 (6.2, 7.2) | <0.001 |
| 2.6 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 0.14 (0.13, 0.16) | 0.12 (0.11, 0.13) | <0.001 |
| 13 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 0.69 (0.62, 0.76) | 0.60 (0.54, 0.66) | <0.001 |
| Whole thigh ROI | 1.8 (1.6, 1.9) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.5) | <0.001 |
| Lean mass corrected for BMI (kg/kg/m2) | |||
| ALM | 0.93 (0.84, 1.05) | 0.64 (0.56, 0.72) | <0.001 |
| 2.6 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 0.015 (0.014, 0.018) | 0.011 (0.010, 0.013) | <0.001 |
| 13 cm mid‐thigh ROI | 0.076 (0.069, 0.085) | 0.056 (0.050, 0.063) | <0.001 |
| Whole thigh ROI | 0.19 (0.17, 0.22) | 0.13 (0.12, 0.15) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range), categorical variables are presented as n (%). Between‐group comparison by rank‐sum test and Fisher's exact test.
ALM = appendicular lean mass.