Table 1.
PDX models and biobanks of different cancer types
| Reference | Cancer type (cancer subtype) | Sample number (success rate) | Factors contributing to successful PDX engraftment | Relationship between successful engraftment and patient prognosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hu et al.242 | Hepatocellular carcinoma (N/A) | 103 (40.6%) | Lack of encapsulation, poor tumor differentiation, large size, and overexpression of cancer stem cell biomarkers | Independent predictor for overall survival and post-resection tumor recurrence |
| Shin et al.243 | Ovarian cancer (serous, clear, endometrioid, mucinous, MMMT, brenner) | 61 (47%) | Tumor grade, inflammation- and immune-response-related genes | Faster PDX growth rate associated with poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and cervical cancer patients |
| Cervical and vaginal cancer (squamous, adeno) | 29 (64%) | |||
| Uterine cancer (endometrioid, serous, clear, carcinosarcoma) | 18 (56%) | |||
| Pham et al.244 | Pancreatic cancers (ductal adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, squamous, solid pseudopapillary, etc.) | 118 (59%) | N/A | N/A |
| Duodenal cancers (N/A) | 25 (86%) | |||
| Biliary ductal cancers (N/A) | 17 (35%) | |||
| Kawashima et al.245 | Acute myeloid leukemia (M0-M6, AML with MRC, tAML from MPN) | 105 (66%) | N/A | Lower event-free survival rate and poor responses to chemotherapy. |
| Moy et al.246 | Esophagogastric cancer (diffuse, mixed, intestinal) | 98 (N/A) | Metastases, stage IV disease, HER2 expression, intestinal subtype | N/A |
| Jung et al.28 | Lung squamous cell carcinoma (N/A) | 82 (59%) | Tumor engraftment failure was correlated with the preoperative chemotherapy initiation. | Poor overall survival or relapse free survival. |
| Cybula et al.247 | High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (N/A) | 33 (77%) | N/A | Early tumor recurrence. |
| Peille et al.248 | Gastric adenocarcinoma (Intestinal, Diffuse, Mixed) | 27 (27%) | Intestinal subtype | N/A |
| Ryu et al.249 | Breast cancer (HR + /HER2-, HR + /HER2 + , HR-/HER2 + and triple-negative breast cancer) | 20 (17.5%) | Advanced cancer stages | Poor disease-free survival, overall survival, and chemotherapy resistance |
| Jo et al.250 | Lung cancer (small cell lung cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer) | 55 (22%) | N/A | Chemotherapy-resistance |
| Xu et al.251 | Liver cancer (hepatocellular cancer, metastatic liver cancer) | 20 (38.5%) | TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, peripheral blood CA19-9 level, tumor size. | Poor median overall survival in hepatocellular cancer. |
| Wu et al.252 | Malignant pleural mesothelioma (epithelioid, sarcomatoid, biphasic) | 20 (40%) | N/A | Poor survival. |
| Bonazzi et al.175 | Endometrial cancer (carcinosarcoma, endometrioid, mixed endometrioid, and clear cell, etc.) | 18 (33%) | N/A | Shorter disease specific survival. |
| Strüder et al.253 | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (N/A) | 16 (29%) | Engraftment rate was lower and growth delayed for endoscopic biopsies. | N/A |
| Kamili et al.254 | Neuroblastoma | 9 (64%) | Orthotopic inoculation | Poor outcome |
| Miyamoto et al.255 | Cervical cancer (Adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma) | 11 (50%) | Large tumor size, high serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen and carbohydrate antigen 125 levels, and advanced FIGO stages. | Clinically poor prognoses |
| Schütte et al.173 | Colorectal cancer (N/A) | 59 (60%) | N/A | N/A |
| Tanaka et al.256 | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B- acute lymphoblastic leukemia, T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia) | 57 (93.3%) | N/A | N/A |
| Tew et al.257 | Central nervous system metastasis (Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Invasive ductal carcinoma, etc.) | 39 (84.8%) | N/A | N/A |
| Chapuy et al.258 | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (activated B-cell (ABC)-type tumors, germinal B-cell type tumors, and plasmablastic lymphoma) | 9 (32%) | N/A | N/A |
| Baschnagel et al.259 | Small cell lung cancer brain metastases (Adenocarcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma) | 9 (64%) | N/A | N/A |
| Elst et al.260 | Advanced penile cancer (Usual, warty-basaloid, sarcomatoid) | 11 (61%) | N/A | N/A |
| Lilja-Fischer et al.261 | Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (N/A) | 12 (35%) | N/A | N/A |
| Zhang et al.262 | B-cell lymphoma (Mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, Follicular lymphoma, Marginal zone lymphoma, etc.) | 16 (N/A) | N/A | N/A |
| Chamberlain et al.263 | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (N/A) | 1 (N/A) | N/A | N/A |
| Lin et al.264 | Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (N/A) | 1 (N/A) | N/A | N/A |