Table 2.

Universal health coverage of different therapies for patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID).

Types of coverage	Reimbursement level, N=6 (%)
	Not applicable a	Paid fully by patient or patient’s family	Up to 50%	From 51 to 69%	From 70 to 90%	From 91 to 100%
A) Biological treatment
Enzymes	5 (83.3)	1 (16.7)	0	0	0	0
Immunosuppressors	2 (33.3)	2 (33.3)	1 (16.7)	0	1 (16.7)	0
Monoclonal antibodies	1 (16.7)	3 (50.0)	2 (33.3)	0	0	0
Cytokines	2(33.3)	3 (50.0)	1 (16.7)	0	0	0
Growth Factor	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	0	2 (33.3)	1 (16.7)
C1 inhibitor	5 (83.3)	1 (16.7)	0	0	0	0
Thrombopoietin	3 (50.0)	2 (33.3)	0	0	1 (16.7)	0
B) Routes of immunoglobulin
IVIG	- b	2 (33.3)	0	0	4 (66.7)	0
SCIG	- b	3 (50.0)	1 (16.7)	0	1 (16.7)	0
FSCIG	4 (66.7)	0	2 (33.3)	0	0	0
C) Anti-infectious
Antibiotics	- b	2 (33.3)	0	0	3 (50.0)	1 (16.7)
Antivirals	- b	2 (33.3)	0	0	3 (50.0)	1 (16.7)
Antifungals	- b	2 (33.3)	0	0	3 (50.0)	1 (16.7)
Antiparasitic	- b	2 (33.3)	0	0	2 (33.3)	2 (33.3)
D) Vaccines	1 (16.7)	2 (33.3)	0	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)
E) Curative treatments
Bone marrow transplant	2 (33.3)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	0
F) Diagnosis testing
Biological	2 (33.3)	2 (33.3)	2 (33.3)	0	2 (33.3)	0
Genetic	2 (33.3)	3 (50.0)	2 (33.3)	0	0	0
Prenatal	3 (50.0)	2 (33.3)	2 (33.3)	0	0	0

^aIndicates that the treatment options were not available in the country, hence had no data on the coverage level.

^bnot determined.

Descriptive analysis was used to compare the coverage level of different PID treatment options in 6 SEA countries. We stratified the coverage level into five different groups and the results were expressed in n (%), where n represented the number of countries.