Table 5.
Univariable and multivariable analyses for recurrence-free survival based on the systematic oxidative stress score and clinical characteristics.
| Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR | 95% CI | p-Value | HR | 95% CI | p-Value |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1 | |||||
| Female | 0.796 | 0.546–1.159 | 0.233 | |||
| Age at surgery, years (IQR) | ||||||
| ≤61 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| >61 | 1.931 | 1.308–2.850 | 0.001 | 2.003 | 1.350–2.971 | 0.001 |
| Smoking history | ||||||
| No | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 0.992 | 0.599–1.645 | 0.976 | |||
| Extent of surgery | ||||||
| Lobectomy | 1 | |||||
| Sub-lobectomy | 1.021 | 0.533–1.958 | 0.950 | |||
| Predominant pattern | ||||||
| Lepidic | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Acinar/Papillary | 2.206 | 1.318–3.692 | 0.003 | 2.103 | 1.247–3.548 | 0.005 |
| Micropapillary/Solid | 4.713 | 2.375–9.352 | <0.001 | 4.022 | 1.961–8.250 | <0.001 |
| Others | 0.874 | 0.203–3.769 | 0.857 | 0.997 | 0.231–4.305 | 0.996 |
| Tumor size, cm | ||||||
| ≤1.0 | 1 | |||||
| 1.1–2.0 | 2.126 | 0.659–6.859 | 0.207 | |||
| 2.1–3.0 | 3.880 | 1.209–12.449 | 0.023 | |||
| 3.1–4.0 | 3.650 | 1.057–12.611 | 0.041 | |||
| Visceral pleural invasion | ||||||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Present | 2.839 | 1.816–4.440 | <0.001 | 2.198 | 1.384–3.489 | 0.001 |
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
| Absent | 1 | |||||
| Present | 5.858 | 2.384–14.393 | <0.001 | |||
| Spread through air space | ||||||
| Absent | 1 | |||||
| Present | 2.045 | 0.898–4.660 | 0.089 | |||
| Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation | ||||||
| Without | 1 | |||||
| 19-del | 0.966 | 0.610–1.529 | 0.882 | |||
| L858R | 0.835 | 0.520–1.341 | 0.455 | |||
| Others | 0.972 | 0.414–2.280 | 0.947 | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||
| No | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 1.274 | 0.857–1.895 | 0.231 | |||
| Systematic oxidative stress score | ||||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||||
| High | 2.097 | 1.291–3.407 | 0.003 | 2.015 | 1.229–3.303 | 0.005 |