TABLE 1.
Demographic, neuropsychological, and CSF data
| Variables | CN | Obj‐SCD | MCI | F/χ 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 42) | (N = 29) | (N = 55) | |||
| Demographic factors | |||||
| Age | 71.29 (6.85) | 71.97 (6.47) | 73.58 (6.66) | 1.49 | 0.230 |
| Sex (F:M) | 24:18 | 14:15 | 27:28 | 0.78 | 0.676 |
| Education | 16.36 (2.55) | 16.59 (2.73) | 15.76 (2.49) | 1.18 | 0.311 |
| GDS | 1.26 (1.36) | 1.14 (0.95) | 1.55 (1.45) | 1.07 | 0.345 |
| Neuropsychological measures | |||||
| MMSE | 28.74 (1.21) | 28.59 (1.59) | 27.85 (1.79) | 4.31 | 0.015 b |
| Memory | |||||
| AVLT delayed recall | 8.36 (2.79) | 5.21 (3.08) | 3.15 (3.34) | 33.55 | <0.001 a , b , c |
| AVLT recognition | 12.76 (1.85) | 11.79 (2.11) | 8.36 (3.59) | 32.87 | <0.001 b , c |
| Language | |||||
| SVF (animal) | 22.05 (4.03) | 20.59 (4.08) | 17.29 (4.45) | 15.98 | <0.001 b , c |
| BNT | 28.52 (1.44) | 27.72 (1.81) | 26.60 (3.66) | 6.14 | 0.003 b |
| Attention/executive function | |||||
| TMT part A (s) | 29.48 (7.71) | 31.86 (6.59) | 44.91 (17.26) | 20.49 | <0.001bc |
| TMT part B (s) | 67.00 (17.75) | 89.07 (40.75) | 125.96 (68.46) | 16.86 | <0.001 a , b , c |
| Process scores | |||||
| AVLT learning slope | 1.33 (0.39) | 0.91 (0.45) | 0.74 (0.46) | 22.39 | <0.001 a , b |
| AVLT retroactive interference | 0.80 (0.17) | 0.69 (0.27) | 0.59 (0.24) | 10.96 | <0.001 b |
| AVLT intrusion errors | 2.24 (2.38) | 3.83 (2.90) | 3.51 (3.49) | 3.02 | 0.052 |
| CSF biomarkers * | |||||
| Aβ1–42 (pg/ml) | 195.84 (54.64) | 170.81 (48.35) | 182.35 (56.57) | 1.74 | 0.180 |
| p‐tau181 (pg/ml) | 37.71 (21.99) | 42.98 (18.05) | 41.80 (26.97) | 0.49 | 0.617 |
| t‐tau (pg/ml) | 77.37 (50.06) | 86.88 (47.00) | 81.16 (43.81) | 0.33 | 0.719 |
| Head motion (FD value) | 0.16 (0.07) | 0.14 (0.07) | 0.16 (0.08) | 0.41 | 0.664 |
Note: Values are expressed as mean (standard deviation), number of participants.
Abbreviations: CN, Cognitively normal; Obj‐SCD, Objectively‐defined Subtle Cognitive Decline; MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; AVLT, Auditory Verbal Learning Test; SVF, Semantic Verbal Fluency; BNT, Boston Naming Test; TMT, Trail‐Making Test; CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; FD, framewise displacement.
115 participants (CN = 37, Obj‐SCD = 28, MCI = 50) have CSF biomarkers.
Post hoc analysis further revealed the source of ANOVA difference (CN vs. Obj‐SCD) (p < 0.05, significant difference between the two groups).
Post hoc analysis further revealed the source of ANOVA difference (CN vs. MCI) (p < 0.05, significant difference between the two groups).
Post hoc analysis further revealed the source of ANOVA difference (Obj‐SCD vs. MCI) (p < 0.05, significant difference between the two groups).