. 2023 Apr 13;14(3):537–546. doi: 10.1007/s41999-023-00780-3

Table 3.

Body composition parameter with group comparison and Spearman correlation coefficients by PhA in the BaSAlt cohort

	Rz (in Ω/m) Md (range) mean ± SD	Xc (in Ω/m) Md (range) mean ± SD	PhA (in °) Md (range) mean ± SD	FM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD	FMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD	FFM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD	FFMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD	MM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD	MMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD	TBW (in l) Md (range) mean ± SD	ECW (in l) Md (range) mean ± SD	BCM(in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD
No sarcopenia n_group = 32 n_female = 25, n_male = 7	534.0 (367.8–680.7) 525.39 ± 75.31	42.0 (30.3–84.5) 44.53 ± 10.23	4.6 (3.7–11.2) 4.94 ± 1.46	20.8 (2.0–48.8) 19.48 ± 9.52	7.7 (0.7–20.8) 7.47 ± 3.91	46.7 (35.1–67.7) 48.74 ± 7.48	17.9 (14.8–22.3) 18.34 ± 1.97	18.6 (13.5–30.9) 20.40 ± 5.21	7.3 (5.3–10.4) 7.65 ± 1.54	34.5 (25.7–46.6) 36.14 ± 5.48	18.3 (13.4–24.5) 18.70 ± 2.78	21.3 (15.8–49.0) 23.19 ± 6.63
Probable sarcopenia n_group = 33 n_female = 21, n_male = 12	470.2 (217.3–714.2) 473.73 ± 98.70	41.1 (23.6–90.7) 42.18 ± 12.16	4.7 (3.4–13.5) 5.31 ± 2.17	19.5 (1.9–51.9) 22.42 ± 12.27	6.9 (0.8–22.5) 8.30 ± 4.84	53.1 (41.7–73.5) 53.27 ± 8.44	19.6 (14.8–24.0) 19.52 ± 2.36	24.0 (15.0–46.7) 24.60 ± 7.33	8.8 (5.1–18.2) 8.99 ± 2.46	39.7 (31.8–59.5) 40.95 ± 7.69	19.5 (11.4–36.5) 20.77 ± 5.11	24.6 (15.4–45.7) 25.88 ± 6.77
Confirmed/ severe sarcopenia n_group = 13 n_female = 12, n_male = 1	653.2 (482.2–803.2) 646.16 ± 95.50	43.2 (37.6–70.1) 46.52 ± 9.79	4.1 (3.1–5.0) 4.16 ± 0.55	17.2 (3.4–23.9) 15.78 ± 6.33	6.9 (1.5–10.4) 6.60 ± 2.63	39.3 (31.8–50.4) 39.16 ± 5.89	16.0 (14.1–20.2) 16.32 ± 1.62	13.8 (9.2–25.2) 14.33 ± 4.28	5.7 (4.2–8.5) 5.91 ± 1.24	29.1 (22.0–37.1) 28.67 ± 4.61	17.0 (11.5–19.5) 16.16 ± 2.38	16.8 (10.8–23.4) 16.59 ± 3.36
Kruskal-Wallis-Test	H = 2.201, p = 0.333	H = 21.434, p < 0.001*	H = 8.150, p = 0.017*	H = 2.760, p = 0.252	H = 0.895, p = 0.639	H = 24.515, p < 0.001*	H = 17.885, p < 0.001*	H = 22.876, p < 0.001*	H = 21.829, p < 0.001*	H = 26.357, p < 0.001*	H = 11.862, p = 0.003*	H = 24.398, p < 0.001*
Dunn-Bonferroni-post-hoc-tests
No sarcopenia–probable sarcopenia	–	z = 2.106, p = 0.106	z = − 0.509, p = 0.999	–	–	z = − 1.978, p = 0.144	z = − 1.852, p = 0.192	z = − 1.971, p = 0.146	z = − 2.208, p = 0.082	z = − 2.281, p = 0.068	z = − 1.448, p = 0.443	z = − 1.964, p = 0.148
No sarcopenia–confirmed/ severe sarcopenia	–	z = − 3.002, p = 0.008*	z = 2.400, p = 0.049*	–	–	z = 3.435, p = 0.002*	z = 2.803, p = 0.015*	z = 3.271, p = 0.003*	z = 2.958, p = 0.009*	z = 3.375, p = 0.002*	z = 2.332, p = 0.059	z = 3.434, p = 0.002*
Probable sarcopenia–confirmed/ severe sarcopenia	–	z = − 4.611, p < 0.001*	z = 2.796, p = 0.016*	–	–	z = 4.949, p < 0.001*	z = 4.218, p < 0.001*	z = 4.779, p < 0.001*	z = 4.644, p < 0.001*	z = 5.118, p < 0.001*	z = 3.440, p = 0.002*	z = 4.938, p < 0.001*
Spearman correlation with PhA	r = 0.434, p < 0.001*	r = − 0.482, p < 0.001*	–	r = − 0.257, p = 0.023*	r = − 0.265, p = 0.019*	r = 0.455, p < 0.001*	r = 0.564, p < 0.001*	r = 0.448, p < 0.001*	r = 0.487, p < 0.001*	r = 0.385, p < 0.001*	r = -0.223, p = 0.051	r = 0.733, p < 0.001*

Rz (in Ω/m) Md (range) mean ± SD

Xc (in Ω/m) Md (range) mean ± SD

PhA (in °) Md (range) mean ± SD

FM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD

FMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD

FFM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD

FFMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD

MM (in kg) Md (range) mean ± SD

MMI (in kg/m²) Md (range) mean ± SD

TBW (in l) Md (range) mean ± SD

ECW (in l) Md (range) mean ± SD

BCM(in kg)
Md (range) mean ± SD

No sarcopenia

n_group = 32

n_female = 25, n_male = 7

534.0

(367.8–680.7)

525.39 ± 75.31

42.0

(30.3–84.5)

44.53 ± 10.23

4.6

(3.7–11.2)

4.94 ± 1.46

20.8

(2.0–48.8)

19.48 ± 9.52

7.7

(0.7–20.8)

7.47 ± 3.91

46.7

(35.1–67.7)

48.74 ± 7.48

17.9

(14.8–22.3)

18.34 ± 1.97

18.6

(13.5–30.9)

20.40 ± 5.21

7.3

(5.3–10.4)

7.65 ± 1.54

34.5

(25.7–46.6)

36.14 ± 5.48

18.3

(13.4–24.5)

18.70 ± 2.78

21.3

(15.8–49.0)

23.19 ± 6.63

Probable sarcopenia

n_group = 33

n_female = 21, n_male = 12

470.2

(217.3–714.2)

473.73 ± 98.70

41.1

(23.6–90.7)

42.18 ± 12.16

4.7

(3.4–13.5)

5.31 ± 2.17

19.5

(1.9–51.9)

22.42 ± 12.27

6.9

(0.8–22.5)

8.30 ± 4.84

53.1

(41.7–73.5)

53.27 ± 8.44

19.6

(14.8–24.0)

19.52 ± 2.36

24.0

(15.0–46.7)

24.60 ± 7.33

8.8

(5.1–18.2)

8.99 ± 2.46

39.7

(31.8–59.5)

40.95 ± 7.69

19.5

(11.4–36.5)

20.77 ± 5.11

24.6

(15.4–45.7)

25.88 ± 6.77

Confirmed/ severe sarcopenia

n_group = 13

n_female = 12, n_male = 1

653.2

(482.2–803.2)

646.16 ± 95.50

43.2

(37.6–70.1)

46.52 ± 9.79

4.1

(3.1–5.0)

4.16 ± 0.55

17.2

(3.4–23.9)

15.78 ± 6.33

6.9

(1.5–10.4)

6.60 ± 2.63

39.3

(31.8–50.4)

39.16 ± 5.89

16.0

(14.1–20.2)

16.32 ± 1.62

13.8

(9.2–25.2)

14.33 ± 4.28

5.7

(4.2–8.5)

5.91 ± 1.24

29.1

(22.0–37.1)

28.67 ± 4.61

17.0

(11.5–19.5)

16.16 ± 2.38

16.8

(10.8–23.4)

16.59 ± 3.36

Kruskal-Wallis-Test

H = 2.201, p = 0.333

H = 21.434, p < 0.001*

H = 8.150, p = 0.017*

H = 2.760, p = 0.252

H = 0.895, p = 0.639

H = 24.515, p < 0.001*

H = 17.885,

p < 0.001*

H = 22.876,

p < 0.001*

H = 21.829,

p < 0.001*

H = 26.357,

p < 0.001*

H = 11.862,

p = 0.003*

H = 24.398,

p < 0.001*

Dunn-Bonferroni-post-hoc-tests

No sarcopenia–probable sarcopenia

–

z = 2.106, p = 0.106

z = − 0.509, p = 0.999

–

z = − 1.978, p = 0.144

z = − 1.852,

p = 0.192

z = − 1.971,

p = 0.146

z = − 2.208,

p = 0.082

z = − 2.281,

p = 0.068

z = − 1.448,

p = 0.443

z = − 1.964,

p = 0.148

No sarcopenia–confirmed/ severe sarcopenia

–

z = − 3.002, p = 0.008*

z = 2.400, p = 0.049*

–

z = 3.435, p = 0.002*

z = 2.803,

p = 0.015*

z = 3.271,

p = 0.003*

z = 2.958,

p = 0.009*

z = 3.375,

p = 0.002*

z = 2.332,

p = 0.059

z = 3.434,

p = 0.002*

Probable sarcopenia–confirmed/ severe sarcopenia

–

z = − 4.611, p < 0.001*

z = 2.796, p = 0.016*

–

z = 4.949, p < 0.001*

z = 4.218,

p < 0.001*

z = 4.779,

p < 0.001*

z = 4.644,

p < 0.001*

z = 5.118,

p < 0.001*

z = 3.440,

p = 0.002*

z = 4.938,

p < 0.001*

Spearman correlation with PhA

r = 0.434, p < 0.001*

r = − 0.482, p < 0.001*

–

r = − 0.257, p = 0.023*

r = − 0.265, p = 0.019*

r = 0.455, p < 0.001*

r = 0.564,

p < 0.001*

r = 0.448,

p < 0.001*

r = 0.487,

p < 0.001*

r = 0.385,

p < 0.001*

r = -0.223,

p = 0.051

r = 0.733,

p < 0.001*

BCM body cell mass, ECW extracellular water, FFM fat-free mass, FM Fat mass, MM muscle mass, PhA phase angle, TBW total body water, Rz resistance, Xc reactance

Essential is the indication of the p-values in italics, which are additionally marked as significant with a *

*Significant result for p ≤ 0.05 (two-sided test)