Both single and multi-segmented nanowires can be electrodeposited into nanoporous templates. For instance, (a)(b) Multi-segment AuNiAu-Ag-AuNiAu nanowires have been electrodeposited. The diameters, controlled by the pore sizes, range from 20– 400 nm. (c)(d) The lengths of each segment, determined by the amount of charges passing through the circuit, can be tuned from 7 nm to a few micrometers.