Table 2.

Risk factors in type B aortic dissection patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair and those who experienced retrograde type A dissection.

Risk factors	Studies (n)	Total TBAD patients (N)		Patients with risk factor (n)	Patients with risk factor (%)
All patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Male gender	52	7110		5534	77.8
Hypertension	47	6134		5118	83.4
Diabetes mellitus	37	4779		474	9.9
Coronary artery disease	38	4477		668	14.9
Renal impairment	38	3581		446	12.4
Pulmonary disease	35	3369		446	13.2
Marfan syndrome	20	2925		44	1.5
ASA I	3	958		42	4.3
ASA II	11	1482		279	18.8
ASA III	13	1558		565	36.2
ASA IV	13	1558		598	38.3
ASA V	8	1126		52	4.6
Smoking	34	5283		2521	47.7
Age (yr)	57.4				NR
Risk factors	Studies (n)	Patients with risk factor (n)	Total RTAD (n)	Total TBAD patients (N)	Total TBAD patients (%)
Patients with retrograde type A dissection
Male gender	16	66	77	2747	85.7
Hypertension	7	44	51	2099	86.2
Diabetes mellitus	4	5	35	1634	14.2
Coronary artery disease	4	4	32	1306	12.5
Renal impairment	5	6	41	1725	14.6
Pulmonary disease	5	7	41	1725	17.0
Marfan syndrome	11	9	58	2444	15.5
ASA	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Smoking	4	21	32	1306	65.6
Age (yr)	56.6				NR

ASA = American Society of Anesthesiology physical status classification, NR = not reported, RTAD = retrograde type A dissection, TBAD = type B aortic dissection.