Table 5.
Comparison of cytokine levels between MDD- and BD-associated depressive episodes.
| MDD group (n = 60) | BD group (n = 16) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mann–Whitney U test | |||
| IL-6 | 2.68 (0.49, 2.53) | 5.97 (0.73, 8.66) | .0369 |
| IL-10 | 0.73 (0.32, 1.06) | 1.163 (0.57, 1.52) | .0241 |
| IFN-γ | 3.94 (0, 3.75) | 7.69 (0.38, 11.63) | .02 |
| IL-4 | 0.68 (0, 0.63) | 2.12 (0.21, 4.38) | .0027 |
| TNF-α | 1.07 (0, 1.76) | 2.71 (0.1, 3.48) | .0396 |
| IL-2 | 1.56 (0, 1.37) | 2.67 (0, 4.83) | .4556 |
| IL-17 | 1.28 (0, 1.39) | 2.34 (0, 2.73) | .1185 |
| IL-12 | 0.61 (0, 0.80) | 0.68 (0, 1.18) | .9318 |
All results are shown as a median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) and expressed as pg/ml.
BD = bipolar disorder, IL = interleukin, IFN = interferon, MDD = major depressive disorder, TNF = tumor necrosis factor