Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author | Study design | Country | Genotyping method | Gene | Polymorphism | N participants | Male (%) | N patients with COVID 19 | NOS SCORE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akbari et al. [16] | Case–control | Iran | PCR | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 182 | 105 (56) | 91 | 7 |
| Aladag e al. [17] | Cross-sectional | Turkey | PCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 | 412 | – | 112 | 6 |
| Alimorandi et al. [18] | Case–control | Iran | PCR | ACE 1 | rs4343 | 129 | 67 (52) | 79 | 9 |
| ACE 2 | rs2285666 | ||||||||
| Annunziata et al. [19] | Case–control | Italy | RT-PCR | ACE 1 | I/D polymorphism | 39 | – | 20 | 6 |
| Bastug et al. [20] | Cohort | Turkey | RT-PCR | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 100 | 59 (59) | 100 | 8 |
| Cafiero et al. [21] | Cross-sectional | Italy | PCR | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 104 | 58 (56) | 104 | 6 |
| ACE 2 | rs2074192 | ||||||||
| ACE 2 | rs2106809 | ||||||||
| Calabrese et al. [22] | Case–control | Italy | Not Reported | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 290 | – | 68 | 7 |
| Celik et al. [23] | Cohort | Turkey | PCR | ACE 1 | ACE I/D | 155 | 78 (50) | 155 | 5 |
| ACE 2 | rs2106809 | ||||||||
| Gomez et al. [6] | Case–control | Spain | PCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 | 740 | 373 (50) | 204 | 8 |
| ACE2 | rs2285666 | ||||||||
| Gong et al. [24] | Case–control | China | PCR | ACE 1 | I/D polymorphism | 862 | – | 419 | 8 |
| Gunal et al. [25] | Cohort | Turkey | (RT)-qPCR | ACE 1 | I/D polymorphism | 90 | 59 (65) | 90 | 8 |
| Hubacek et al. [26] | Case–control | Czech Republic | PCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 I/D polymorphism | 2969 | 1388 (47) | 410 | 8 |
| Kouhpayeh et al. [27] | Case–control | Iran | RT-PCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 | 504 | 276 (55) | 258 | 8 |
| Mahmood et al. [28] | Cohort | Iraq | PCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 | 195 | 98 (50) | 99 | 8 |
| ACE 2 | rs2285666 G/A | ||||||||
| Martınez-Gomez et al. [29] | Cross-sectional | Mexico | RT-PCR | ACE 1 | I/D polymorphism | 481 | 290 (60) | 481 | 7 |
| ACE 2 | rs2285666 | ||||||||
| ACE 2 | rs2074192 | ||||||||
| Mir et al. [30] | Case–control | Saudi Arabia | RT-qPCR | ACE 1 | rs4646994 I/D | 267 | 185 (69) | 117 | 8 |
| Mohlendick et al. [31] | Cohort | Germany | RT-PCR | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 550 | 323 (59) | 297 | 8 |
| ACE 2 | rs2285666 | ||||||||
| Papadopoulou et al. [32] | Case–control | Greece | PCR | ACE 1 | I/D polymorphism | 397 | - | 81 | 8 |
| Saad et al. [33] | Case–control | Lebanon | PCR | ACE 1 | rs1799752 | 358 | 195 (54) | 232 | 9 |
| Verma et al. [34] | Cohort | India | PCR- AFLP | ACE 1 | rs4646994 | 269 | 170 (63) | 269 | 6 |
| Alghamdi et al. [35] | Cohort | Saudi Arabia | PCR | IFTM3 | rs12252 | 880 | – | 825 | 6 |
| Cuesta-Llavona et al. [36] | Case–control | Spain | RT-PCR | IFTM3 | rs34481144 C/T | 666 | 369 (55) | 484 | 2 |
| rs12252 A/G | |||||||||
| Gomez et al. [37] | Case–control | Spain | RT-PCR | IFTM3 | rs12252 | 751 | 374 (50) | 311 | 7 |
| Schonfelder et al. [38] | Case–control | Germany | RT-PCR | IFTM3 | rs12252 | 492 | 288 (59) | 239 | 8 |
| rs34481144 | |||||||||
| Zhang et al. [39] | Cohort | China | Not Reported | IFTM3 | rs12252 | 80 | 33 (41) | 80 | 8 |
| Andolfo et al. [40] | Cohort | Italy | TaqMan, WES | TMPRSS2 | rs12329760 | 4759 | – | 996 | 7 |
| Ravikanth et al. [41] | Cohort | India | WES | TMPRSS2 | rs12329760 | 1030 | 809 (79) | 510 | 8 |
| Rokni et al. [42] | Case–control | Iran | RTqPCR | TMPRSS2 | s12329760 C/T | 576 | 325 (56) | 288 | 9 |
| rs75603675 C/A | |||||||||
| rs17854725 A/G | |||||||||
| rs4303795 A/G | |||||||||
| Schonfelder et al. [43] | Case–control | Germany | RT-PCR | TMPRSS2 | rs2070788 G/A | 492 | 288 (59) | 239 | 7 |
| rs12329760 C/T | |||||||||
| rs383510 T/C | |||||||||
| Wulandari et al. [44] | Cohort | Indonesia | PCR | TMPRSS2 | rs12329760 | 95 | 60 (63) | 95 | 7 |
| Ali et al. [45] | Case–control | Iraq | rRT PCR | TNFα | rs1800629 | 239 | 104 (44) | 125 | 6 |
| Fishchuk et al. [46] | Cohort | Ukraine | PCR–RFLP | TNFα | rs1800629 | 31 | 16 (52) | 31 | 6 |
| Heidari Nia et al. [47] | Case–control | Iran | RT-PCR | TNFα | rs1800629 | 550 | 316 (57) | 275 | 8 |
| Rokni et al. [48] | Case–control | Iran | PCR–RFLP | TNFα | rs1800629 | 634 | 359 (57) | 317 | 9 |
| Saleh et al. [11] | Case–control | Egypt | RT-qPCR | TNFα | rs1800629 | 1084 | 600 (55) | 900 | 9 |