Table 3.

Pregnancy total numbers of samples, mean (standard deviation) and median (interquartile range) number of samples per mother, by sample type for cases and controls of the ENDIA nested-case control study.

Sample type	Case	Control
	(N = 39)	(N = 135)
Serum
Total samples	66	266
Mean (SD)	1.69 (0.800)	1.97 (0.872)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Plasma
Total samples	66	265
Mean (SD)	1.69 (0.800)	1.96 (0.867)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Stool
Total samples	51	235
Mean (SD)	1.31 (0.800)	1.74 (0.969)
Median (Q1–Q3)	1.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Urine
Total samples	65	271
Mean (SD)	1.67 (0.838)	2.01 (0.806)
Median (Q1–Q3)	1.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Throat swab
Total samples	68	272
Mean (SD)	1.74 (0.818)	2.01 (0.810)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Tongue swab
Total samples	69	275
Mean (SD)	1.77 (0.777)	2.04 (0.796)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Buccal swab
Total samples	69	275
Mean (SD)	1.77 (0.810)	2.04 (0.796)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Nasal swab
Total samples	70	275
Mean (SD)	1.79 (0.767)	2.04 (0.796)
Median (Q1–Q3)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–3.00)
Skin swab
Total samples	37	128
Mean (SD)	0.949 (0.223)	0.948 (0.223)
Median (Q1–Q3)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)
Vaginal swab
Total samples	36	118
Mean (SD)	0.923 (0.270)	0.874 (0.333)
Median (Q1–Q3)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)
Total
Total samples	597	2380
Mean (SD)	15.3 (5.97)	17.6 (6.54)
Median (Q1–Q3)	16.0 (10.0–18.0)	18.0 (10.0–25.0)

Note: Case:control ratio was 1:3. Mothers of siblings will appear in the table multiple times. Pregnancy samples can include samples from Trimester 1, 2 and 3. There are 26 control children with no maternal samples, 25 of these were postnatal recruits and 1 was recruited during pregnancy but had no maternal samples. There are 15 case children with no maternal samples, 13 of these were postnatal recruits and 2 were recruited during pregnancy but had no maternal samples.