Table 4.
Factors associated with drooling severity after the 2-year follow-up in the entire cohort (N = 481) and in the PD ≤ 2 y group (N = 127).
| β a | β b | 95% CIa | 95% CIb | p a | p b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire cohort | ||||||
| Age | 0.114 | 0.083 | 0.015–0.127 | −0.001–0.109 | 0.013 | 0.052 |
| Male | 0.112 | 0.136 | 0.252–2.199 | 0.568–2.445 | 0.014 | 0.002 |
| UPDRS-III at V0 | 0.207 | 0.087 | 0.060–1.054 | −0.003–0.093 | <0.0001 | 0.068 |
| NMSS at V0 | 0.359 | 0.492 | 0.039–0.063 | 0.052–0.089 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| PDQ-39SI at V0 | 0.240 | −0.110 | 0.063–1.135 | −0.098–0.007 | <0.0001 | 0.087 |
| Change from V0 to V2 in NMSS | 0.073 | 0.221 | −0.003–0.125 | 0.020–0.048 | 0.110 | <0.0001 |
| PD ≤ 2 y group | ||||||
| UPDRS-III at V0 | 1.121 | 0.272 | 1.056–1.191 | 0.038–0.204 | <0.0001 | 0.005 |
| NMSS at V0 | 1.019 | 0.272 | 1.007–1.032 | 0.009–0.049 | <0.0001 | 0.005 |
Dependent variable: droolingV0+V1+V2 score. β standardized coefficient and 95% IC are shown. aunivariate analysis; bmultivariate analysis; entire cohort, R2 = 0.21; Durbin–Watson test = 1.92; PD ≤ 2 y, R2 = 22; Durbin–Watson test = 1.94. NMSS: Nonmotor Symptoms Scale; PD ≤ 2 y: PD with ≤2 years from symptom onset; PDQ-39SI: 39-item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire Summary Index; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale.