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. 2023 Apr 14;14:2124. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37773-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Set-up of the study. b Viral RNA levels in the lungs of index hamsters infected with 10⁴ TCID₅₀ of either the wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 isolate (USA-WA1/2020) or the 3CLpro (L50F-E166A-L167F) nirmatrelvir resistant (3CLpro^res) virus (closed circles) and contact hamsters (open circles) at day 4 post-infection (pi) are expressed as log₁₀ SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies per mg lung tissue. Individual data and median values are presented. c Infectious viral loads in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 WT and (3CLpro^res) virus-infected index hamsters (closed circles) and contact hamsters (open circles) at day 4 pi are expressed as log₁₀ TCID₅₀ per mg lung tissue. Individual data and median values are presented. Data were analyzed with the two sided Mann−Whitney U-test, ***p = 0.0009, ****p < 0.0001. Data presented are from 2-independent studies with a total n = 12 per group. Panel (a) designed by Biorender.