Table I.

Outcomes reported in all included studies

Author	Publication year	Type of study	Strength score	Total no. of patients	Positive Intraoperative bile culture n (%)	Surgical site infections n (%)	P value	Delayed gastric emptying n (%)	P value	90-day mortality N (%)	P value	Postoperative pancreatic hemorrhage n (%)	P value	Intra-abdominal abscess N (%)	P value	Postoperative pancreatic fistula N (%)	P value
Parapini et al	2022	Retrospective	1.3	162	136 (84%)	77 (56.6%)	.010	38 (27.9%	.274	-	-	-		-		31 (22.8%)	.137
Mohan et al	2022	Prospective	1.1	50	23 (46%)	14 (60.8%)	.002	17 (73.9%)	.309	-	-	3 (13.0%)	1.06	-		9 (31.9%)	.522
Pretzsch et al	2021	Retrospective	1.3	182	110 (60%)	31 (28%)	.001	10 (10%)	n.s.	8 (7%)	n.s.	9 (9%)	n.s.	20 (18%)	n.s.	27 (24%)	.033
Lin et al	2021	Prospective	1.3	539	433 (80%)	14 (3.2%)	.780	-		-	-	-		74 (17.1%)	< .001	110 (25.4%)	.610
Bortolotti et al	2021	Retrospective	1.2	129	69 (53%)	10 (14.5%)	.850	-		-	-	-		0 (0%)	n.s.	32 (46.4%)	.329
Maatman et al	2020	Prospective	1.3	162	89 (55%)	11 (13%)	.400	-		1 (1%)	.06	-		-		32 (36%)	.300
Scheufele et al	2017	Retrospective	1.3	290	189 (65%)	39 (21%)	.002	-		3 (1.6%)	.242	31 (16.4%)	1.00	22 (11.6%)	.699	20 (10.6%)	1.000
Ohgi et al	2016	Retrospective	1.3	264	151 (57%)	43 (28%)	< .001	27 (18%)	.222	-	-	10 (7%)	.026	34 (23%)	.804	73 (48%)	.534